Email this article PENGARUH PEMBERIAN 1,25 DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D (CALCITRIOL) TERHADAP KADAR FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR-23 DAN ALBUMINURIA PADA PASIEN PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIK STADIUM V YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS
Intan Herlina(1*), Bambang Purwanto(2), Sugiarto Sugiarto(3)(1)
(2)
(3)
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas pada pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronik adalah insiden kardiovaskuler yang didasari oleh proses aterosklerosis yang menyebabkan meningkatnya morbiditas dan mortalitas. Ginjal merupakan tempat utama sintesa 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D (Calcitriol), sehingga dengan adanya kerusakan ginjal menyebabkan defisiensi 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D (Calcitriol). Pada pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronik terjadi peningkatan Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 dan Albuminuria akibat dari aktifitas Renin Angiotensin Aldosteron Sistem. Aktifitas RAAS mempengaruhi 1,25 Dihydroxy vitamin D (Calcitriol), Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 melalui Angiotensin 2 dengan cara menghambat reseptor Angiotensin I (AT1) melalui Nicotinmide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase (NADPH Oksidase) dan Stress Oxidativ. Beberapa penelitian menyimpulkan pemberian 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D (Calcitriol) mempunyai efek renoprotektif, anti inflamasi dan antiproteinuric dengan cara menghambat reseptor Angoitensin I (AT1) sehingga mengakibatkan menurunnya albuminuria. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan pemberian 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D (Calcitriol) dapat menurunkan kadar Fibroblas Growth Factor-23 dan albuminuria pada pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronik stadium V yang menjalani hemodialisis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan randomisasi, subyek penelitian 30 orang, dibagi dalam dua kelompok sampel, kelompok plasebo 15 orang dan kelompok perlakuan 15 orang. Dalam perjalanan, kelompok placebo drop out 4 pasien karena keluarga pasien tidak menyetujui untuk melanjutkan penelitian dan satu lagi mengalami perburukan, sehingga jumlah sampel menjadi 26 orang, terbagi menjadi kelompok placebo sebanyak 11 orang yang diberi placebo dan kelompok perlakuan 15 orang diberi calcitriol 1x0,5 μg peroral selama 4 minggu. Karakteristik penelitian yang berupa variabel kualitatif, uji homogenitas dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi Square. Uji beda dua Rerata menggunakan uji t pada p<0.005. Pada kelompok plasebo (n=11) ; Kadar Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan (876,24±795,93 RU/mL vs 1235,69±791,71 RU/mL; p=0,059) dan Albuminuria (72,30±195,06 μg/ mg vs 320,14±208,90 μg/mg; p=0,001). Pada kelompok perlakuan (n=15); Kadar Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan (1210,96±845,97 RU/mL vs 612,33±487,32 RU/mL; p=0,002) dan Albuminuria (206,63±327,25 μg/mg vs 192,89±316,00 μg/mg; p=0,001). Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada selisih ratarata kadar Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 (Delta-FGF-23) sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan pada kelompok placebo vs kelompok perlakuan (-359,45±560,23 RU/mL vs 598,63±608,27 RU/mL; p=0,001) dan selisih rata-rata Albuminuria (Delta-albuminuria) sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan pada kelompok placebo vs kelompok perlakuan (-247,84±189,48 μg/mg vs 13,73±23,15μg/mg;p=0,001. Pemberian suplementasi 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol) menurunkan kadar FGF-23 albuminuria secara bermakna pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronik stadium V yang menjalani hemodialisis
Kata Kunci: Penyakit Ginjal Kronis Stadium V, 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D (Calcitriol), Fibroblast Growth Factor-23, Albuminuria
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