KARAKTERISTIK FAKTOR RISIKO PASIEN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD) YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISA DI RS X MADIUN

Arianti Arianti(1), Anisa Rachmawati(2*), Erlina Marfianti(3)

(1) Departemen Penyakit Dalam RSUD dr.Soedono Madiun
(2) Dosen Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Indonesia
(3) Dosen Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penderita cronic kidney disease (CKD) terus meningkat setiap tahunnya, bahkan di Indonesia lebih dari 200.000 kasus baru gagal ginjal stadium akhir. Faktor risiko seperti hipertensi, diabetes mellitus, penyakit kardiovaskular, glomerular, tubulointerstitial, ginjal polikistik, penggunaan obat/bahan kimia berpengaruh terhadap kejadian CKD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik faktor risiko pasien CKD yang menjalani hemodialisa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Data diperoleh melalui data sekunder periode Januari–Oktober 2016. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dari 88 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, terdapat 57 pasien (64,8%) laki-laki dan 31 pasien (35,2%)  perempuan, terdapat 1 pasien (1,1%) CKD pada kelompok usia 18-25 tahun, 26 pasien (29,5%) pada kelompok umur 26-45 tahun, 54 pasien (61,4%) pada kelompok umur 46-65 tahun, 7 pasien (8%) pada kelompok usia >65 tahun. Berdasarkan faktor risiko terjadinya CKD didapatkan hasil 81 pasien (92%) menderita hipertensi, 34 pasien (38,6%) dengan DM, 17 pasien (19,3%) dengan penyakit tubulointerstitial, 6 pasien (6,8%) dengan penyakit ginjal polikistik, 4 pasien (4,5 %) dengan penyakit kardiovaskular, tidak ada pasien (0%) dengan penyakit glomerular. Hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus merupakan dua faktor risiko tertinggi pasien CKD yang menjalani hemodialisa di RS X Madiun.

Kata Kunci: CKD, Faktor Risiko, Hemodialisa

ABSTRACT

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) continues to increase every year, even in Indonesia, more than 200,000 new cases of end-stage renal failure. There are several risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, glomerular, tubulointerstitial, kidney polikistik, use of drugs / chemicals affect the occurrence of chronic kidney disease. The study aims to determine the characteristics of the risk factors of CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. The study is a non-experimental, using cross sectional design. Data obtained through secondary data by looking at the medical record period from January to October, 2016. The results of this study are from 88 patients who met the inclusion criteria there are 57 patients (64.8%) were male and 31 patients (35,2%) were women, there are 1 patient (1,1%) in the age group 18-25 years, 26 patients (29,5%)  in the age group 26-45 years, 54 patients (61,4%)  in the age group 46-65 years, 7 patients (8%)  in the age group> 65 years. Based on the risk factors of CKD showed 81 patients (92%) had hypertension, 34 patients (38.6%) with DM, 17 patients (19.3%) with tubulointerstitial disease, 6 patients (6,8%) with polycystic kidney disease, 4 patients (4,5%) with cardiovascular disease, no patient (0%) with glomerular disease. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the two highest risk factors for CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis in Madiun X Hospital.

Keywords: CKD, Risk Factors, Hemodialysis

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DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v12i1.9597

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