Directive Speech Acts in Academic Discourse: Ethnography of Communication from Gender Perspective in Higher Education

Fatma Fatma(1*), Harun Joko Prayitno(2), Norliza Jamaludin(3), Gautam Kumar Jha(4), Taha Ibrahim Badri(5)

(1) Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret Accounting Department, STIE Panca Bhakti Palu
(2) Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(3) Language and Communication Faculty, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
(4) School of Language and Culture Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University
(5) Faculty of Language and Translation, Al Azhar University
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

In spoken academic discourse, there are various directive speech acts forms and strategies both formal and informal. Based on the previous research with different focuses show that directive speech acts is one of speech acts types mostly used in daily conversation. The study of directive speech acts can also be found in classroom interaction as spoken academic discourse. The locutors’ and interlocutors’ expressions in spoken academic discourse are vary. Language variation involves direct and indirect strategies as well as literal and non-literal with small portion of local language use. The use of directive speech acts is affected by contextual socio-cultural factors within the conversation. The locutors sometimes use local language in conveying certain meaning to the interlocutors. The structure of dialogue, moreover, disallows the taking up of any position beyond the interlocutors from which they can be integrated into a larger totality.

Keywords

speech acts strategy; directive speech acts; ethnography of communication; gender

Full Text:

PDF

References

Agus, N. (2014). Bentuk Sapaan Bahasa Bugis dalam Konteks Pragmatik Gender. Jurnal Sawerigading, 20(1), 1-13.

Alexander & Okoli. (2017). Relating Communication Competences to Teaching Effectiveness: Implication for Teacher Education. Journal of Eduction and Practice, 8(10), 150-154.

Alwi, H., Dardjowidjojo, S., Lapoliwa, H., & Moeliono, A.M. (2003). Tata Bahasa Baku Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.

Darmojuono, S. (2011). Peran Etnopragmatis dalam Komunikasi Masyarakat Multikultural. Jurnal Linguistik Indonesia 29(1), 19-34.

Dutta., S.K., & Singh L.J. (2017). An Analysis of Automatic Phone Recognition and Identification of a Few Languages from North Eastern India. Indian Journal of Sciences and Technology, 10(230), 1-5.

Filippova, E. (2014). Developing appreciation of Irony in Canadian and Czech Discourse. Journal of Pragmatics 74 (2014) 209-223.

Fomin, A.G., & Yakimova, N.S. (2016). Communication Strategies in Conflict Discourse:Cross-Cultural Experimental Research. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2016, 65-70.

Fontdevila, J. (2010). Indexes, Power, & Netdoms: A Multidimensional Model of Language in Social Action. Peoetics 38 (2010) 587-609.

Göҫtü, R. and Kir, M. (2014). Gender Studies in English, Turkish, and Georgian Languages in Terms of Grammatical, Semantic and Pragmatic Levels. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 158, 282-287

Halim A., N.A., and Razak A., N. (2014). Communication Strategies of Women Leader in Enterpreneurship. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 118 (2014) 21-28.

Harman, R.M., Ahn., S., & Bogue B. (2016). Reflective Language Teacher Education: Fostering Discourse Awareness Through Critical Performative Pedagogy. Teaching and Teacher Education 59 (2016) 228-238.

Hassan, Z.M. (2014). Language Contextualisation and Culture. Journal Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 136 (2014) 31-35.

Hassanova, A. & Rzayev, H. (2013). Pragmatics of yes/no indirect-respons (YNIRs). Journal Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 70, 1038-1048.

Hitchocock, R.K. (2017). Discontinuities in Ethnographic Time: A View from Africa. Journal of Antrhopological Archaeology 46 (2017) 12-27

Hiver, P., & Whitehead, G. (2018). Sites of Struggle: Classroom Practice and the Complex Dynamic Entanglement of Language Teacher Identity. System Elsevier, 1-11.

Imai, M., Kanero, J., and Masuda, T. (2016). The Relation Between Language, Culture, and Thought. Current Opinion in Psychology Scient Direct (2016) 8: 70-77.

Ingram & Elliot. (2016). A Critical Analysis of The Role of Wait Time In Classroom Interactions and The Effects on Student and Teacher Interactional Behaviours. Cambridge Jurnal of Education 46 (1), 37-53.

Ismadi, H.D., 2019. Memahami Budaya Daerah sebagai Kunci Sukses dalam Pembelajaran BIPA. Badan Pengembangan Bahasa dan Perbukuan. Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. (http://badanbahasa.kemdikbud.go.id/lamanbahasa/artikel/2480/memahami-budaya-daerah-sebagai-kunci-sukses-dalam-pemelajaran-bipa

Kashefi, H., Ismail, Z., & Yusof, Y. M. (2010). Obstacles in the learning of two-variable functions through mathematical thinking approach. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 8(5), 173–180. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.12.024.

Keckskes, I., Obdalova, O., Minakova, L., Soboleva, A. (2018). A Study of the Perception of Situasion-bound Utterances as Culture-Spesific Pragmatic Units By Russian Learners of English. System Elsivier, 76, 219-232.

Keraf, Gorys.1991. Tata Bahasa Indonesia. Ende: Nusa Indah.

Kruiningen. J.F. (2013). Educational Design as Conversation: A Conversation Analyitical Perspective on Teacher Dialogue. Teaching and Teacher Education 29 (2013), 110-121

Lakoff, R. (2001). Language and Woman’s Place. New York: Harper & Row Publisher.

Liantada, C., M. (2018). Bringing Into Focus Multilingual Realities: Faculty Perceptions of Academic Language on Campus. Lingua Elsivier, 1-14.

Lohse., K., Grӓnefenhain, M., Behne, T., & Racoczy, H. (2014). Young Children Understand the Nominative Implications Future-Directed Speech Acts. Plos One 9(1), 1-10.

Miles, B. M. & Huberman, A. M.. (2014). Analisis Data Kualitatif. Penerjemah: Tjejep Rohendi Rohidi. Jakarta: UI Press.

Mudiono, (2011). Kajian Etnografi Tindak Ilokusi Asertif Bahasa Indonesia dalam Pendidikan Informal. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran. 18, (2), 161-169.

Nasser, F., & Alhija, A. (2017). Teaching in Higher Education: Good Teaching Through Students’ lens. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 54, 4-12.

Ogunsiji, Y., Farinde, and Adebiyi. (2012). Language, Gender, and Culture. British Journal of Art and Social Sciences, 6(2). 202-210.

Pallawa, B.A. (2013). Function WorMt of Andio Language Viewed from Syntactical Aspect. Academic Journal of Interdiciplinary Studies, 2(2), 175-185.

Peng, L., Xie, F. & Cai, L. (2014). A Case Study OF College Teacher’s Politeness Strategy in EFL Classroom., Theory & Practice in Language Studies, 4(1), 110-115 http://ojs.academypublisher.com/index.

Praag, V.L., Stevens, A.J.P., Houtte, V.M. (2017). How Humor Makes or Breaks Student-Teacher Relationship: A Classroom Ethnography In Belgium. Teaching and Teacher Education 66, 393-401.

Prayitno, H.J., Kusmanto, H., Nasucha, Y., Rahmawati, L.E., Jamaluddin, N., Samsuddin, Ilma, A.A. (2019). The Politeness Comments on The Indonesian President Jokowi Instagram Official Account Viewed From Politico Pragmatics and The Character Education Orientation in The Disruption Era. Indonesian Journal on Learning and Advances Education, 1(2), 52-71.

Rahman, M.Z., & Jabar, M.A. (2014). Pengaruh Budaya Tempatan dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Sekolah. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 134, 373-381.

Ramlan, M. (2001). Ilmu Bahasa Indonesia: Sintaksis. Yogyakarta: Karyono.

Rideal, K. (2016). Polite like an Egyptian? Case Studies of Politeness in the Late Ramesside Letters. Journal of Politeness Research, 12(2), 245-266.

Sirkovic, N., & Kovac, M. (2017). Attitude Towards Communication Skill Among Engineering Students. English Language Teaching, 10(3), 111-117.

Steadmen, A., Kayi-Aiydar, H., & Vogel, S.M. (2018). From College Composition to ESL: Negotiating Professional Identities,New Understanding, and Conflicting Pedagogies. Sytem Elsivier, 76, 38-48.

Stranovskȧ, E., Munkova, D. Frȧterova Z.,& Ďuračkovã, B. (2013). Analysis of Politeness Speech Acts in Slovak and Foreign Languge Texts of Request in The Context of Cognitive Style. Jurnal Procedia-Sosial and Behavioral Sciences 82,764-769.

Su, H. (2017). Local Grammar Of Speech Act an Exploratoty Study. Journal of Pragmatics 111 2017. 72-83.

Suparto. (2017). Ungkapan Linguistis Metafora Bahasa Indonesia dari Visual ke Kognisi (Perspektif Semantis Kognitif). Unpublished Dissertation: Program Doktor Linguistik Universitas Negeri Surakarta.

Tapio, E. (2018). Focal Social Action Throuhg Which Space is Configured and Reconfigured when Orienting to a Finnish Sign Language Class. Linguistics and Education 44 (2018), 60-79.

Yetiṣ & Aslim, V. (2010). Virtual Classroom Site in French Written Expression Lesson: A Practice Sample. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 2(2010) 446-470.

DOI: 10.23917/ijolae.v2i1.8829

Article Metrics

Abstract view(s): 3579 time(s)
PDF: 2237 time(s)

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.