Penjadwalan Waktu Istirahat Optimal Untuk Mengurangi Risiko Musculoskeletal Disorders Berdasarkan OCRA Index

Debrina Puspita Andriani(1*), Sugiono Sugiono(2),

(1) 
(2) Jurusan Teknik Industri Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. MT. Haryono 167 Malang, 65145
(*) Corresponding Author
DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/jiti.v15i2.2588

Abstract

Repetitive tasks carried out by workers of packaging department of mineral water company led to some complaints of pain and fatigue on a particular body part of the workers, especially on their upper body part. This study aims to determine risk level of musculoskeletal disorders with OCRA index and provides optimal break schedule to reduce the risk level. Based on calculations using the OCRA index method, it is found that risk of injury to the workers were medium with high level of risk. Despite small workload of the operators, this may be caused by poor distribution of rest periods and lengthy working time for highly repetitive tasks. Improvement proposed in this study is type of work-compliant break time allocation. Optimal scheduling of which main objective is optimal break time is eventually obtained by applying enumeration algorithm with integer linear programming model. Based on OCRA index after improvement, it is clear that the proposal decreases the risk level of the workers.

Keywords

break schedule; muscoloskeletal disorders; repetitive tasks; OCRA index; integer linear programming

References

Boenzi, F.; Mimmolo, G.; Digiesi, S.; Mossa, G. 2013. “Optimal break and job rotation schedules of high repetitive-low load manual tasks in assembly lines: an OCRA-based approach”. Proceedings of 7th IFAC Conference on Manufacturing Modelling, Management, and Control. pp. 1896-1901.

Chiasson, M.E.; Imbeau, D.; Aubry, K.; Delisle, A. 2012. “Comparing the results of eight methods used to evaluate risk factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders”. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Vol. 42, pp. 478 – 488.

Choi, G. 2009. “A goal programming mixed-model line balancing for processing time and physical workload”. Computer & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 57, pp. 395 – 400.

ISO 11228-3. 2007. Ergonomic Manual Handling-Part 3: Handling of Low Loads at High Frequency. Switzerland: ISO.

Marian, R.M.; Luong, L.H.S.; Abhary, K. 2006. “A genetic algorithm for the optimization of the assembly sequences”. Computers & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 50, pp. 503-527.

Mossa, G.; Boenzi, F.; Digiesi, S.; Mimmolo, G.; Romano, V. A. 2016. “Productivity and ergonomic risk in human based production system: A job rotation scheduling model”. International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 171, pp. 471 – 477.

Occhipinti, E.; Colombini, D. 2005. The Occupational Repetitive Action (OCRA) Methods: OCRA Index and OCRA Checklist. Florida: CRC Press.

Occhipinti, E.; Colombini, D. 2016. “A toolkit for the analysis of biomechanical overload and prevention of WMSDs: Criteria, procedures and tool selection in a step-by-step approach”. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Vol. 52, pp. 18 – 28.

Otto, A.; Scholl, A. 2011. “Incorporating ergonomic risks into assembly line balancing”. European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 212, pp. 277-285.

Prasetyo, E.A. 2010. Analisis Postur dan Gerakan Kerja dengan Mempergunakan Metode Occupational Repetitive Action (OCRA). Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan, Surakarta: Universitas Muhammadiyah.

Roman-Liu, D. 2014. “Comparison of concepts in easy-to-use methods for MSD risks assessment”. Applied Ergonomics, Vol. 45, pp. 420 – 427.

Roossary, E.; Muslim E. 2007.“Penerapan metode OCRA untuk pengurangan risiko masalah ergonomi dan muskuloskeletal di workstation packaging detergen PT. X”. Jurnal Teknologi, Vol. 3, pp. 231-239.

Silverstein, B. 2007.Work-Relate Musculoskeletal Disorders of Neck, Back, and Upper Extremity in Washington State. Washington: SHARP.

Sugiyono. 2012. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Xu, Z.; Ko, J.; Cochran, D.J.; Jung, M. 2011. “Design of assembly lines with the concurrent consideration of productivity and upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders using linear models”. Computer & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 62, pp. 431 – 441.

Article Metrics

Abstract view(s): 1435 time(s)
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia): 1321 time(s)

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.