PENGARUH THERMAL WALL TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK HIDRODINAMIKA DAN KARAKTERISTIK SYNGAS PADA DUAL FLUIDIZED BED GASIFIER BERBAHAN BAKAR TEMPURUNG KELAPA DENGAN SIMULASI BERBASIS CPFD
Nur Aklis(1*), Tri Agung Rohmat(2), Harwin Saptoadi(3)(1) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(2) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Dual fluidized bed gasifier (DFBG) adalah salah satu teknologi yang diharapkan mampu mengkonversi biomassa menjadi syngas kualitas tinggi sebagai bahan baku proses Fischer-Tropsch. Artikel ini membahas simulasi pengaruh temperatur dinding atau thermal wall atau (t.w) terhadap karakteristik hidrodinamika dan karakteristik syngas DFBG dengan bahan bakar biomassa tempurung kelapa berbasis computational particle fluid dynamics (CPFD). Simulasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan software paket Barracuda VR 17.1.0. Uap dengan suhu 423 K dan tekanan 101325 Pa digunakan sebagai agen gasifikasi. Partikel yang digunakan berupa pasir silika dengan densitas 2650 kg/m3 dan ukuran antara 180 – 600 μm. Ukuran tempurung kelapa 2 - 4 mm. Parameter operasi DFBG meliputi kecepatan uap di gasifier 1,5 m/s, kecepatan udara di riser sebesar 10 m/s, kecepatan udara di L-valve sebesar 1,57 m/s dan kecepatan uap di loop-seal sebesar 0,4 m/s dan 0,5 m/s. Grid yang digunakan sejumlah 129.024 dan simulasi menggunkan 3 variasi thermal wall (t.w) masing-masing sebesar 873 K, 973 K dan 1073 K. Dari hasil simulasi diketahui thermal wall berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik hidrodinamika yang dihasilkan simulasi dimana pada simulasi temperatur rendah (t.w = 873 K) sirkulasi material bed tampak mengalami penumpukan di riser bagian bawah, hal ini tidak terjadi pada sirkulasi material bed yang dihasilkan oleh simulasi dengan t.w =973 K dan 1073 K. Komposisi dan distribusi spesies gas hasil gasifikasi yang dihasilkan simulasi dengan t.w yang berbeda-beda menunjukkan kecenderungan yang sama, dimana masing-masing variasi menghasilkan gas dengan komposisi yang didominasi CO dan H2. Pengaruh temperatur dinding terlihat pada naiknya komposisi dan yield masing-masing spesies gas., dimana kompoisisi gas naik 5,78 % saat t.w dinaikkan dari 873 K menjadi 973 K dan naik 2,8 % saat t.w naik menjadi1073 K. Yield gas naik 20,4 % saat t.w naik dari 873 K menjadi 973 K, dan naik sebesar 17,5 % saat t.w berubah dari 973 K menjadi 1073 K.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)References
www.bps.go,id
A. Lappas and E. Heracleous, Production of biofuels via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: Biomass-to-liquids. Biomass-to-liquids. Elsevier Ltd, 2016.
S. S. Ail and S. Dasappa, ‘Biomass to liquid transportation fuel via Fischer Tropsch synthesis – Technology review and current scenario’, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 58, pp. 267–286, 2016.
F. Vidian, ‘Gasifikasi Tempurung Kelapa Menggunakan Updraft Gasifier pada Beberapa Variasi Laju Alir Udara Pembakaran’, J. Tek. MESIN, vol. 10, pp. 88–93, 2008.
I. G. H. Gunawan, M. Sucipta, I. Nyoman, and S. Winaya, ‘Analisis Performansi Reaktor Gasifikasi Updraft Dengan Bahan Bakar Tempurung Kelapa’, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 28–34, 2015.
G. Venkatesh, P. R. Reddy, and S. Kotari, ‘ScienceDirect Generation of producer gas using coconut shells and sugar cane bagasse in updraft gasifier’, Mater. Today Proc., vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 9203–9209, 2017.
M. Senthil and S. Vivekanandan, ‘Effect of Processing Parameters on the Biomass Gasification of Coconut Shell’, no. 7, pp. 388–397, 2016.
M. K. Karmakar and A. B. Datta, ‘Hydrodynamics of a dual fluidized bed gasifier’, Adv. Powder Technol., vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 521–528, 2010.
S. Shrestha, B. S. Ali, B. M. Jan, M. Diana, B. Hamid, and K. El Sheikh, ‘Hydrodynamic characteristics in cold model of dual fl uidized bed gasi fi ers’, vol. 286, pp. 246–256, 2015.
M. Tzeng, W. Saw, and S. Pang, ‘Particuology Effect of fluidizing velocity on gas bypass and solid fraction in a dual fluidized bed gasifier and a cold model’, Particuology, vol. 18, pp. 58–65, 2015.
S. Kern, C. Pfeifer, and H. Hofbauer, ‘Gasification of lignite in a dual fluidized bed gasifier - Influence of bed material particle size and the amount of steam’, Fuel Process. Technol., vol. 111, pp. 1–13, 2013.
K. Göransson, U. Söderlind, and W. Zhang, ‘Experimental test on a novel dual fluidised bed biomass gasifier for synthetic fuel production’, Fuel, vol. 90, no. 4, pp. 1340–1349, 2011.
W. Saw, H. Mckinnon, I. Gilmour, and S. Pang, ‘Production of hydrogen-rich syngas from steam gasification of blend of biosolids and wood using a dual fluidised bed gasifier’, Fuel, vol. 93, pp. 473–478, 2012.
S. Kern, C. Pfeifer, and H. Hofbauer, ‘Gasification of wood in a dual fluidized bed gasifier: Influence of fuel feeding on process performance’, Chem. Eng. Sci., vol. 90, pp. 284–298, 2013.
N. Aklis, T. A. Rohmat, and H. Saptoadi, ‘Mapping of Circulating Rate to Determine Non-mechanic Valve Operation in Dual Fluidized Bed Gasifier Cold Flow Model’, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference and Exhibition on Sustainable Energy and Advanced Materials, Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, pp. 745–754, 2020.
W. Doherty, A. Reynolds, and D. Kennedy, ‘Aspen Plus Simulation of Biomass Gasification in a Steam Blown Dual Fluidised Bed’, 2013.
L. Shen, Y. Gao, and J. Xiao, ‘Simulation of hydrogen production from biomass gasification in interconnected fluidized beds’, Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 120–127, 2008.
L. Yan, C. J. Lim, G. Yue, B. He, and J. R. Grace, ‘One-dimensional modeling of a dual fluidized bed for biomass steam gasification’, Energy Convers. Manag., vol. 127, pp. 612–622, 2016.
W. K. H. Ariyaratne and M. C. Melaaen, ‘CFD Approaches for Modeling Gas-Solids Multiphase Flows – A Review 2 Basic CFD Approaches for’, pp. 680–686, 2016.
D. M. Snider, S. M. Clark, and P. J. O. Rourke, ‘Eulerian – Lagrangian method for three-dimensional thermal reacting flow with application to coal gasifiers’, Chem. Eng. Sci., vol. 66, no. 6, pp. 1285–1295, 2011.
S. Kraft, F. Kirnbauer, and H. Hofbauer, ‘Particuology Influence of drag laws on pressure and bed material recirculation rate in a cold flow model of an 8 MW dual fluidized bed system by means of CPFD’, Particuology, vol. 36, no. 2018, pp. 70–81, 2020.
H. Liu, R. J. Cattolica, and R. Seiser, ‘Operating parameter effects on the solids circulation rate in the CFD simulation of a dual fluidized-bed gasification system’, Chem. Eng. Sci., vol. 169, pp. 235–245, 2017.
H. Liu, R. J. Cattolica, R. Seiser, and C. hsien Liao, ‘Three-dimensional full-loop simulation of a dual fluidized-bed biomass gasifier’, Appl. Energy, vol. 160, pp. 489–501, 2015.
S. Kraft, F. Kirnbauer, and H. Hofbauer, ‘CPFD simulations of an industrial-sized dual fluidized bed steam gasification system of biomass with 8 MW fuel input’, Appl. Energy, 2017.
M. J. Andrews and P. J. O’rourke, ‘The Multiphase Particle-In-Cell (MP-IC) Method fro Dense Particulate Flows’, Int. J. Multiph. Flow, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 379–402, 1996.
S. Pannala, M. Syamlal, and T. O’Brien, Computational Gas-Solids Flows and Reacting Systems: Theory, Methods and Practice. 2010.
F. Bustamante et al., ‘High-Temperature Kinetics of the Homogeneous Reverse Water-Gas Shift Reaction’, AIChE J., vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 1028–1041, 2004.
P. G. Prusakov and L. V Sergeeva, ‘Physical and Thermody-namic Properties of Aliphatic Alcohols’, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Zubarev, vol. 47, no. 5, p. 1443, 1974.
M. Syamlal and L. A. Bissett, ‘METC Gasifier Advanced Simulation ( MGAS ) model METC-Gasifier Advanced Simulation ( MGAS ) Model Technical Note by EG & G Washington Analytical Services Center , Inc . and U . S . Department of Energy Morgantown Energy Technology Center Morgantown , West’, West Virginia, 1992.
Article Metrics
Abstract view(s): 422 time(s)PDF (Bahasa Indonesia): 345 time(s)
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
