GAMBARAN PENULARAN TRANSOVARIAL VIRUS DENGUE ANTAR NYAMUK Aedes aegypti DI KOTA TERNATE

Amalan Tomia(1*), Rosmila Tuharea(2)

(1) Program Studi Kehatan Masyarakat, Fakuktas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Maluku Utara, Maluku Utara, Indonesia
(2) Program Studi Kehatan Masyarakat, Fakuktas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Maluku Utara, Maluku Utara, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

ABSTRAK 

Virus Dengue merupakan agen penyebab penyakit demam berdarah dengue (DBD) yang ditularkan melalui nyamuk Aedes Sp. Penularan virus Dengue antar Aedes Sp. umumnya terjadi secara horisontal dan vertical (transovarial). Penularan transovarial virus Dengue melalui vektor di daerah endemik bisa menjadi potensi peningkatan kasus DBD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penularan virus Dengue secara transovarial, dengan menggunakan metode RT-PCR. Sampel penelitian adalah nyamuk Aedes aegypti yang berasal dari koleksi telur Aedes sp. Koleksi telur didapatkan dari pemasangan 400 ovitrap pada 100 rumah yang berasal dari kelurahan endemik yang terdapat pada 4 wilayah kerja Puskesmas yang terdapat kasus DBD. Kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan RT-PCR virus Dengue pada nyamuk F2 (telur dari ovitrap yang ditetaskan). Sampel nyamuk Ae. aegypti betina F2 yang digunakan berjumlah 360 nyamuk. Hasil pemeriksaan RT-PCR menunjukkan bahwa nilai Transovarian Invection Rate (TIR) 0% atau telur nyamuk Ae.aegypti pada wilayah tersebut tidak terinfeksi virus Dengue (negatif). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penularan virus Dengue di kota Ternate belum terjadi secara transovarial.  

Kata kunci: DBD, Penularan Transovarial, Aedes aegypti

 

ABSTRACT 

Dengue virus is etiology of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) which is transmitted through the Aedes Sp. Dengue virus transmission between Aedes Sp. generally occur horizontally and vertically (transovarial). Transovarial transmission of dengue virus through vectors in endemic areas could be a potential increase in dengue cases. This study aims to determine the description of dengue virus transmission transovarially, using the RT-PCR method. The research sample was the Aedes aegypti mosquito from the collection of Aedes sp. The egg collection was obtained from the installation of 400 ovitraps in 100 houses from endemic villages located in 4 areas of community health centers with dengue cases. Then the dengue virus RT-PCR examination was carried out on F2 mosquitoes (mosquitoes from hatched ovitrap eggs). Samples of Ae. aegypti female F2 used were 360 mosquitoes. The results of the RT-PCR examination showed that the value of the Transovarian Invection Rate (TIR) was 0% or the Ae. aegypti mosquito eggs in the area were not infected with the Dengue virus (negative). The conclusion of this study is that the transmission of dengue virus in the city of Ternate has not occurred transovarially.

Keywords: DHF, Transovarial Transmission, Aedes aegypti

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DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v14i2.18028

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