Exploring Typology of Residents Staying in Disaster-Prone Areas: A Case Study in Tambak Lorok, Semarang, Indonesia

Choirul Amin(1*), S Sukamdi(2), R Rijanta(3)

(1) Faculty of Geography, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(2) Faculty of Geography, Gadjah Mada University
(3) Faculty of Geography, Gadjah Mada University
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Studies about population immobility, especially immobility associated with climate change-related disaster, are very limited. As a consequence, the explanation of population immobility in disaster prone areas is still blurred. This study contributes in explaining population immobility by exploring the typology of residents who did not move from disaster-prone areas. The survey was conducted towards the residents of Kampung Tambak Lorok Semarang, which is prone to three disasters simultaneously i.e. sea level rise, land subsidence, and tidal inundation. The study sample was 235 heads of households selected using proportional sampling area technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of two parts: (1) demographic, social, and economic characteristics of people who did not move from disaster prone areas; and (2) staying intention in disaster prone areas. Data analysis used descriptive analysis by using table and graph of respondent characteristic and relation between respondent characteristic and staying intention in research area. Three (3) typologies have been identified, namely: Type-1 are residents who wishes to stay; Type-2 are residents who still have not decided whether to stay or move; and Type-3 are residents who do not want to stay/want to move. Each of these typologies is described by place of birth, age, length of stay, education, occupation, and income. The understanding of the typology of residents living in disaster prone areas is important as inputs for policy-makers, especially regarding the relocation of people from disaster prone areas to be effective. The results of this study also contribute empirical evidence to the migration theory debate at the micro level, namely that the staying intention is a key element in the 'black box' of immobile decision-making from disaster prone areas.

Keywords

migration; immobility; staying intention; climate change; tidal inundation; land subsidence; Tambak Lorok

Full Text:

PDF HTML

References

Abidin, H. Z., Andreas, H., Gumilar, I., Sidiq, T. P., Gamal, M., & Murdohardono, D. (2010). Studying Land Subsidence in Semarang (Indonesia) using Geodetic Methods. In FIG Congress. Facing the Challenges – Building the Capacity Sydney, Australia, 11-16 April 2010 (pp. 1–15).

Abu, M., Codjoe, S. N. A., & Sward, J. (2014). Climate change and internal migration intentions in the forest-savannah transition zone of Ghana. Population and Environment, 35(4), 341–364. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-013-0191-y

Arief, L. N., Purnama, B. S., & Aditya, T. (2012). Pemetaan Risiko Bencana Banjir Rob. The 1st Conference on Geospatial Information Science and Engineering, 1–12.

Bardsley, D. K., & Hugo, G. J. (2010). Migration and climate change: examining thresholds of change to guide effective adaptation decision-making. Population and Environment, 32(2–3), 238–262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-010-0126-9

De Groot, C., Mulder, C. H., Das, M., & Manting, D. (2011). Life events and the gap between intention to move and actual mobility. Environment and Planning A, 43(1), 48–66. https://doi.org/10.1068/a4318

De Jong, G. F., Richter, K., & Isarabhakdi, P. (1996). Gender, values, and intentions to move in rural Thailand. The International Migration Review, 30(3), 748–770. https://doi.org/10.2307/2547635

De Jong, G. F., Root, B. D., Gardner, R. W., Fawcett, J. T., Gardner, R. W., Fawcett, J. T., & Abad, R. G. (1985). Migration Intentions and Behavior : Decision Making in a Rural Philippine Province. Population and Environment, 8(1), 41–62.

De Jong, G., & Gardner, R. (1981). Migration Decision Making. Multidisciplinary Approaches to Microlevel Studies in Developed and Developing Countries. Pergamon Press. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780080263052

Firman, T., Kombaitan, B., & Pradono, P. (2007). The Dynamics of Indonesia’s Urbanisation, 1980–2006. Urban Policy and Research, 25(4), 433–454. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1080/08111140701540752

Gevrek, Z. E. (2016). Education and emigration intentions : Evidence from a natural experiment in Turkey. In JEL (pp. 1–36). Retrieved from https://editorialexpress.com/cgi-bin/conference/download.cgi?db_name=EEAESEM2017&paper_id=150

Head, B. (2010). Evidence-based policy : principles and requirements. In Strenghtening evidence-based policy in the Australian federation - Volume 1: Proceedings. (Vol. 1, pp. 13–26). Canberra: Productivity Commission. https://doi.org/10.1332/1744264052703186

Hugo, G. (2008). Migration, Development and Environment. Switzerland. Retrieved from http://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/mrs_35.pdf

IOM. (2015). World Migration Report 2015 Migrants and Cities: New Partnerships to Manage Mobility. Retrieved from www.iom.int

Kelly A. (2010). Leaving Home: Voices of Children on the Move , Global Movement for Children. Retrieved from https://resourcecentre.savethechildren.net/sites/default/files/documents/4914.pdf

King, R. (2012). Theories and typologies of migration: An overview and a primer. Willy Brandt Series of Working Papers in International Migration and Ethnic Relations (Vol. 3/12). Sweden. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2014.30.47

Lee, E. S. (1996). A Theory of Migration. Demography, 3(1), 47–57.

Lu, M. (1998). Analyzing Migration Decisionmaking: Relationships between Residential Satisfaction, Mobility Intentions, and Moving Behavior. Environment and Planning A, 30(8), 1473–1495. https://doi.org/10.1068/a301473

Marfai, M. A., & King, L. (2008). Coastal flood management in Semarang, Indonesia. Environmental Geology, 55(7), 1507–1518. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-007-1101-3

Marfai, M. A., King, L., Sartohadi, J., Sudrajat, S., Budiani, S. R., & Yulianto, F. (2008). The impact of tidal flooding on a coastal community in Semarang, Indonesia. Environmentalist, 28(3), 237–248. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10669-007-9134-4

Massey, D. S. (1999). Social Structure , Household Strategies , and the Cumulative Causation of Migration. Population Index, 56(1), 3–26.

McLeman, R., & Smit, B. (2006). Migration as an adaptation to climate change. Climatic Change, 76(1–2), 31–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-9000-7

Motala, E. (2014). A Note on Evidence-based policy-making. The Research Colloquium on Post-School Education and Training. The Department of Higher Education and Training, South Africa. Retrieved from http://www.lmip.org.za/sites/default/files/documentfiles//Evidence based policy-making 8 Oct 2014.pdf

Napsiah, Budhi, G., Abdoellah, O. S., & Munandar, S. (2016). Value Rationality of People Living on The Slope of Merapi in Yogyakarta. Analisa Journal of Social Science and Religion, 1(1), 105–120. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.18784/analisa.v1i1.20

Ravenstein E. G. (1885). The Laws of Migration. Journal of the Statistical Society of London, 48(2), 167–235.

Ryan, T. P. (2013). Sample Size Determination and Power. (D. J. Balding, N. A. C. Cressie, G. M. Fitzmaurice, H. Goldstein, I. M. Johnstone, G. Molenberghs, … S. Weisberg, Eds.). New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118439241

Sontosudarmo, A. (1996). Persepsi Pengungsi Merapi dalam Transmigrasi. Majalah Geografi Indonesia, 10(18), 37–57.

Suhelmi, I. R., Fahrudin, A., & Triwibowo, F. H. (2014). Potential Economic Losses Due to Tidal Inundation and Flood at Semarang City. Forum Geografi, 28(2). https://doi.org/10.23917/forgeo.v28i2.428

Sukamto. (2016). Mengenang Sepuluh Tahun Bencana Industri Lumpur Lapindo dan Tindakan Kolektif para Korban. Jurnal Teori Dan Pembelajaran IPS, 1(1), 52–64. Retrieved from http://journal2.um.ac.id/index.php/jtppips/article/viewFile/228/185

Vakhitova, H., & Coupé, T. (2014). The Relationship between Education and Migration. The Direct Impact of a Person’s Education on Migration Education and Decision to Migrate. Retrieved from http://freepolicybriefs.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/freepolicybriefs_kei_june24.pdf

Warner, K., Hamza, M., Oliver-Smith, A., Renaud, F., & Julca, A. (2010). Climate change, environmental degradation and migration. Natural Hazards, 55(3), 689–715. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-009-9419-7

DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v32i1.5817

Article Metrics

Abstract view(s): 1453 time(s)
PDF: 714 time(s) HTML: 1041 time(s)

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share