INVEST ASI, EKSPOR DAN MASALAH DE-INDUSTRIALISASI DI INDONESIA

Anton Agus Setyawan; Fatchurrohman Fatchurrohman

doi:10.23917/jep.v5i2.4040

INVEST ASI, EKSPOR DAN MASALAH DE-INDUSTRIALISASI DI INDONESIA

Anton Agus Setyawan^(1*), Fatchurrohman Fatchurrohman⁽²⁾

(1) Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(2) Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

There are two constraints in the process of economic recovery in Indonesia. First, investment rate is decreasing in the last five years. This matter happens due to the bad investment climate in Indonesia. Second, slow growth of export rate in Indonesia. At the present, investment rate in Indonesia is only 22 percent of GDP, while the ideal rate is 30 percent of GDP. Another problem, which may be interrupting the economic recovery, is de-industrialization. The sign of de-industrialization occur by relocation phenomena of FDIfrom Indonesia. This research analyze the effects of direct investment and export to GDP. The tool of analyses of this research is econometric model known as Error Correction Models. The results shows that in a long term and short term, export and direct investment do not have a significant effect to GDP. It shows that Indonesia do not have a clear policy about export and investment. The policy implications of this research are government should have a deregulation policy in the industry and recover investment climate.

Keywords

export; direct investment; GDP; Error Correction Model; deregulation.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Arief, Sri Tua (2001), Indonesia Tanah Air Beta, Surakarta: Muhammadiyah University Press.

Blonigen, Bruce A, Christopher J Ellis dan Dietrich Fausten (2004). Industrial' Groupings and Foreign Direct Investment, Journal of International Economics 65, pp 75-91.

Chandra, Aditiawan (2001), Relokasi Industri Perusahaan Global di Negara Sedang Berkembang, Manajemen Usahawan Indonesia, Edisi Klasik II, No 10 Th XXX.

Dollar dan Mary Halward-Driemeier (2000). Crisis, Adjustment, and Reform in Thailand's Industrial Firms, The World Bank Research Observer, vol 15 No. 1, pp 1-22.

Dornbusch, Rudiger (1993), Stabilization, Debt and Reform, Harvester Wheatsheaf, Manchester.

Garcia-Penalosa, Cecilia dan Stephen J. Turnovsky (2004). Production Risk and The Functional Distribution of Income in a Developing Economy: Tradeoffs and Policy Responses, Journal of Development Economics 76, pp 175-208.

Granger, C.W.J dan P. Newbold (1974), Spurious Regressions in Econometrics, Journal of Econometrics, 2 pp 111-120.

Gujarati, Damodar (2003). Basic Econometrics, Boston: McGraw Hill International.

Hamid, Edy Suandi (1999), Peran dan Intervensi Pemerintah dalam Perekonomian, Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Kajian Ekonomi Negara Berkembang, Vol. 4 No.l.

Insukindro (1991), Regresi Linear Lancung dalam Analisis Ekonomi: Suatu Tinjauan dengan Satu Studi Kasus di Indonesia, Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia, 1 pp 88-23.

Kasliwal, Pari (1995), Development Economics, Cincinnati, Ohio: South Western Publishing.

Konings, Jozef dan Hylke Vandenbussche (2004). Antidumping Protection an Markups of Domestic Firms, Journal of International Economics 65, pp 151-165.

Kotler, Philip dan Hermawan Kertajaya (2000), Repositioning Asia, From Bubble to Sustainable Economy, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Asia.

Kuncoro, Mudrajad (2000), Ekonomi Pembangunan; Teori, Masalah dan Kebijakan, Yogyakarta: UPP AMP YKPN.

Kwon, Yung Chul dan Michael Y Hu (2000), Market Orientation Among Small Korean Exporters, International Business Review 9. pp 61-75.

Lipsey, Robert E dan Fredrik Sjoholm, (2004). Foreign Direct Investment, Education and Wages in Indonesian Manufacturing, Journal of Development Economics Vol. 73.

Markusen, James R. (2001), Contracts, Intellectual Property Rights and Multinational Investment in Developing Countries, Journal of International Economics, Vol. 53.

Porter, Michael E. (1985), Competitive Advantage Creating and Sustaining Suoerior Performance, New York: The Free Press.

Sadli, Mohammad (2002), Beberapa Masalah dalam Ekonomi Makro, Modul Pelatihan untuk Training Manajer BRI, Jakarta.

Sadli, Mohammad (2004), Trade dan Industrial Policy di Indonesia, Koran Tempo, edisi 2 Februari.

Thomas, R. Leighton (1997), Modern Econometrics, England: AddisonWesley Longman.

UNCTAD (2004), Prospects for FDI flows, TNC Strategies and Promotion Policies: 2004-2007, Publikasi Penelitian, www.unctad.org.

Utomo, Yuni P. (2001), Indonesia Tetap Bukan Ekspor Mendorong Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Atau Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Mendorong Ekspor, Jumal Manajemen Daya Saing Vol 2 No l, pp79-93

Zulikifliemansyah (2004), Daya Saing dan deIndustrialisasi, Harian Republika edisi 25 Februari.

Zhu, Susan Chun dan Daniel Trefler (2004). Trade and Inequality in Developing Countries: A General Equilibrium Analysis, Journal of International Economics 65, pp 21-48.

DOI: 10.23917/jep.v5i2.4040