Variasi Pertumbuhan dan Pembuahan Klon Jati (Tectona grandis L.f.) Umur 11 Tahun

Liliana Baskorowati(1*), Hamdan Adma Adinugraha(2), Mashudi Mashudi(3)

(1) 
(2) Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan
(3) Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The development of teak clones (Tectona grandis L.f.) is currently being done by industry and farmers to increase productivity. The use of superior teak clones will determine the success of planting; therefore, the superior clones need to be developed. Knowledge of variations in growth and fruiting in the seed orchard of teak clones is important to determine the reproductive capacity of a plant. Therefore, study on variations in the growth and fruiting of teak clones was undertaken. The study was conducted at 11 years old of teak clones, located in Alas Ketu Wonogiri, Central Java. The teak plants measured were planted with a spacing of 2 x 6 m, using a randomized block design, with 100 clones; 3 ramet per clone and consists of 5 blocks as replications. The clones originated from Gunung Kidul, Madiun, Cepu, Wonogiri, Randublatung, Rembang, Muna, Matakidi, Kendari, Buton, and Thailand. All individual tress in the plots were examine for collecting data. Parameters were measured including height of trees, diameter breast height, flower and fruit production. The results showed that height and diameter growth varied significantly between clones, as well as between replications; while flower and fruit production did not show significant differences between clones and between replications. When the clones grouped in height class and diameter class, it showed that the production of flowers and fruits of teak clones were differs significantly. Moreover, the reproductive success of this teak clone seed orchard was very low at 2.15%, suggested due to very little rainfall during the flowering season which causes many flowers to fall out.

Keywords

Teak, clones, growth, fruiting, reproductive success

References

Adinugraha, H. A., & Mahfudz. (2016). Estimati parameter genetik uji klon jati umur 5 tahun di Wonogiri, Jawa Tengah. WASIAN, 3(1), 17–23.

Baskorowati, L., & Fauzi, M. A. (2013). Biologi Jati. In Benih Unggul untuk Pengembangan Hutan Jati Rakyat. (pp. 05–11). FORDA PRESS bekerjasama dengan Balai Besar Penelitian Bioteknologi dan Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan.

Bila, A. D., Lindgren, D., & Mullin, T. J. (1999). Fertility variation and its effect on diversity over generations in a teak plantation (Tectona grandis L.f. L.f.). Silvae Genetica, 48(3–4), 109–114.

D. K. S. Goh, Japarudin, Y., Alwi, A., Lapammu, M., Floris, A., & Monteuuis, O. (2013). Growth differences and genetic parameter estimates of 15 teak (Tectona grandis L.f. L.f.) genotypes of various ages clonally propagated by microcuttings and planted under humid tropical conditions. Silvae Genetica, 62(4–5), 196–206.

Fitriani, A. (2012). Evaluasi Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jati Pada Areal Gerakan Rehabilitasi Hutan dan Lahan. Jurnal Hutan Tropis, 13(1), 55–66.

Gunaga, R.P. and Vasudeva, R. (2005). Causes for low fruit production in clonal seed orchards of teak (Tectona grandis L.f. Linn): A special references to India. In J. K. Bhat, K.M., Nair, K.K.N. Bhat, K.V., Muralidharan, E.M. and Sharma (Ed.), Quality Timber Products of Teak from Sustainable Forest Management (pp. 352–358). Published by KFRI, Peechi.

Gunaga, R. P., Kanfade, A. H., & Vasudeva, R. (2011). Soil fertility status of 20 seed production areas of Tectona grandis L.f. Linn. f. in Karnataka, India. Journal of Forest Science, 57(11), 483–490.

Harbagung, I., & Imanuddin, R. (2009). Penentuan Ukuran Optimal Petak Ukur Permanen Untuk Hutan Tanaman Jati. Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Dan Konservasi Alam, 6(1), 57–68.

Indira, E. P. (2005). Why teak seed orchards are low productive. In Quality Timber Products of Teak from Sustainable Forest Management (Eds.) Bhat, K.M., Nair, KKN, Bhat, K.V., Muralidharan, E.M. and Sharma, J.K., (pp. 347–351).

Jackson, D. I., & Sweet, G. . (1972). Flower initiation in temperate woody plants. Horticultural Abstracts, 42, 9–24.

K. Palanisamy, Maheshwar, H., & Yi, J.-S. (2009). Teak (Tectona grandis L.f. Linn. f.): A Renowned CommercialTimber Species. Journal of Forest Science, 25(1), 1–24.

Kaosa-ard, A. (1981). Teak its natural distribution and related factors. Nat. His. Bull. Siam. Soc, 29, 55–74.

Kramer, P. J., & Kozlowski, T. . (1960). Physiology of trees. Mc Grow Hill Book Company, New York.

Matthews, J. D. (1951). Forest genetics. Nature, 167(4254), 764. https://doi.org/10.1038/167764a0

Palupi, E. R., & Owens, J. N. (2002). Reproductive Phenology and Reproductive Success of Teak (Tectona grandis L.f. L. F.). International Journal of Plant Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1086/297604

Ramesh, V., & Gunaga, R. (2012). Flowering Phenology in Teak Seed Orchards–Genetic Variation, Measurement and Implications to Seed Orchard Fertility. Phenology and Climate Change, 320. Retrieved from http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/32929/InTech-Flowering_phenology_in_teak_seed_orchards_genetic_variation_measurement_and_implications_to_seed_orchard_fertility.pdf

Sett, R., Mishra, J. P., & Rana, P. K. (2016). Seed production of teak in different orchards of central India: the present scenario. International Journal of Science, Environment and Technology, 5(3), 969–990.

Soerianegara, I., & Lemmens, R. H. M. . (1993). Plant resources of South-East Asia 5(1): Timber trees: major commercial timbers. Belanda, Wageningen: Pudoc Scientific Publishers.

Zobel, B., & Talbert, J. T. (1984). Applied Forest Tree Improvement. John Willey and Sons. New York: John Willey and Sons.

DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v6i1.10427

Article Metrics

Abstract view(s): 833 time(s)
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia): 1157 time(s)

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.