REVIEW: PENYEBAB GANGGUAN AUTIS MELALUI JALUR NEUROINFLAMASI

Alvina Putri Purnama Sari(1*), Mohamad Amin(2), Betty Lukiati(3)

(1) Pendidikan Biologi, Pascasarjana, Universitas Negeri Malang
(2) Pendidikan Biologi, Pascasarjana, Universitas Negeri Malang
(3) Pendidikan Biologi, Pascasarjana, Universitas Negeri Malang
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Autis merupakan gangguan perkembangan yang kompleks pada anak yang dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor. Faktor penyebab autis diantaranya genetik, lingkungan, gangguan sistem imun, dan inflamasi. Inflamasi terjadi karena adanya mediator yang mengganggu kerja suatu jaringan sehingga menimbulkan respon terhadap mediator tersebut. Salah satu mediator inflamasi adalah sitokin (IL-6 dan TNF-α).  IL-6 dan TNF-α dengan jumlah tinggi dalam otak mengakibatkan gangguan atau penurunan  adhesi dan migrasi sel saraf yang mengakibatkan terganggunya kerja dari Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) atau sawar darah otak yang berfungsi menjaga normalitas homeostasis sistem saraf pusat.  Inflamasi yang terjadi pada sel otak atau neuroinflamasi yang sudah  kronis menjadi salah satu penyebab terjadinya gangguan autis pada anak.

Keywords

autis, neuroinflamasi

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DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v3i2.5177

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