ANALISIS KROMATOGRAFI LAPIS TIPIS (KLT) DAN AKTIVITAS PENANGKAPAN RADIKAL BEBAS (PRB) EKSTRAK ETANOL LEMPUYANG EMPRIT (Zingiber americans) HASIL MASERASI SEKALI DAN MASERASI BERULANG

Susi Indah Lestari(1), Broto Santoso(2*)

(1) 
(2) Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Metode ekstraksi menjadi penting dan dapat mempengaruhi ekstrak yang diperoleh. Rendemen hasil metode maserasi berulang didapatkan lebih tinggi dibandingkan maserasi. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk membandingkan hasil analisis kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) dan aktivitas penangkapan radikal bebas (PRB) ekstrak etanol rimpang lempuyang emprit (Zingiber americans) hasil maserasi sekali dan maserasi berulang. Simplisia diekstraksi dengan pelarut etanol 96% (rasio 10:75) menggunakan metode maserasi dan maserasi berulang masing-masing sebanyak empat kali replikasi. Setiap ekstrak dilakukan analisis kromatografi lapis tipis silika gel GF254 menggunakan eluen heksana:etil asetat (9:1), dan dilanjutkan dengan uji penangkapan radikal bebas DPPH. Rendemen hasil maserasi dan maserasi berulang adalah 4,37% dan 6,83% (p< 0,05) berturut-turut, sedangkan persen PRB-nya 21,63% dan 32,68% (p> 0,05) secara berturut-turut. Hasil kromatogram menampakkan perbedaan intensitas bercak dan nilai Rf.  Bercak yang tidak terelusi menunjukkan kemampuan dalam menangkap radikal bebas, dimana sebagian bercak menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak mengandung golongan senyawa terpenoid, flavonoid, dan alkaloid, namun tidak fenolik. Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa maserasi dan masersi berulang memiliki aktivitas PRB yang tidak berbeda, dengan kandungan terpenoid, flavonoid, dan alkaloid yang lebih tinggi pada maserasi berulang.

Kata Kunci: Lempuyang Emprit, Maserasi, Maserasi Berulang, Aktivitas Penangkapan Radikal Bebas, Kromatografi Lapis Tipis

 

ABSTRACT

Extraction method is important because has high impact to the final result of extract.  The repeated maceration yield (rMAC) is higher than maceration (MAC) method. The aim of the research was to compare the results of chromatogram profile and free radical scavenging activity of ethanol extracts of lempuyang emprit (Zingiber americans) between both of methods. Crude material was extracted using 96% ethanol (ratio 10:75) four times for each method. Extracts were analyzed using TLC plate of silica gel GF254 as stationary phase and hexane-ethyl acetate (9:1) as mobile phase. Their radical scavenging activity were done using DPPH method. The yield of maceration repeated maceration results was 4.37% and 21.63% (p <0.05), respectively, while the percentage of PRB was 6.83% and 32.68% (p> 0.05), respectively. The chromatogram results showed the difference in spot intensity and the Rf value. The uneluted spots showed the activity of radical scavenging. The spots reveal that terpenoid, flavonoid, and alkaloid groups but not phenolic were found in both of extract. Further purification needed to be done to confirm the% PRB value that did not differ from the two extracts

Keywords: Lempuyang Emprit, Maceration, Repeated Maceration, Radical Scavenging Activity, Thin Layer Chromatography

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DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v13i1.11439

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