PENGARUH USIA, JENIS KELAMIN, POSISI KERJA DAN DURASI DUDUK TERHADAP DISABILITAS AKIBAT NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH PADA GURU SMA SAAT WORK FROM HOME SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19

Dwi Kusumaningsih(1), Atika Fatwa Yukhabilla(2), Sulistyani Sulistyani(3*), Iwan Setiawan(4)

(1) Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(2) Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(3) Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(4) Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Nyeri punggung bawah mempengaruhi sebagian besar populasi di seluruh dan merupakan salah satu penyebab utama disabilitas fisik. Pandemi COVID-19 mengakibatkan banyak negara memberlakukan pembatasan kegiatan sehingga banyak instansi yang menerapkan work from home. Keterbatasan tempat kerja yang ergonomis di rumah mempengaruhi sikap posisi kerja dan durasi duduk pekerja yang dapat menyebabkan disabilitas akibat nyeri punggung bawah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh usia, jenis kelamin, posisi kerja dan durasi duduk terhadap disabilitas akibat nyeri punggung bawah pada guru saat work from home selama pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian meliputi 50 responden diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner secara online dengan alat ukur Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) untuk mengukur posisi kerja dan Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) untuk mengukur disabilitas nyeri punggung bawah. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square dan uji regresi logistik. Hasil analisis didapatkan usia mempunyai nilai p=0,033 dan OR=4,392. Jenis kelamin mempunyai nilai p=0,370 dan OR=1,714. Posisi kerja didapatkan nilai p-value=0,004 dan OR=3,926. Durasi duduk didapatkan nilai p-value=0,002 dan OR=6,810. Hasil analisis multivariate uji regresi logistik, dengan nilai R-Square 0,488. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara usia, posisi kerja dan durasi duduk, sedangkan jenis kelamin tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap disabilitas akibat nyeri punggung bawah.

Kata Kunci: Usia, Jenis Kelamin, Posisi Kerja, Durasi Duduk, NPB, WFH

ABSTRACT

Low back pain affects a large proportion of the population worldwide and is one of the leading causes of physical disability. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic many countries limit their activities and implement work from home. The lack of availability of an ergonomic workplace at home affects the working position and seating duration of workers which can lead to back pain. This study aims to investigate the impact of age, gender, working position, and sitting duration on disability complaints of low back pain in teachers during work from home due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This research method uses a cross-sectional study design. Subjects were 50 respondents taken by purposive sampling technique. Collecting data using an online questionnaire with a Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) to measure work position and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) to measure disability of low back pain. Data analysis used the chi-square test and logistic regression test. Bivariate analysis results showed that age has a value of p=0,033 and OR=4,392. Gender has a value of p=0,370 dan OR=1,714. Work position obtained the OR value 3,926 with a p-value=0,004 (<0.05) and sitting duration obtained OR value 6,810 with p-value=0,002 (<0.05). Multivariate analysis of logistic regression test results showed that R-Square has a value of 0.488. There is a significant impact between age, work position, and sitting duration, while there is no significant impact between gender on complaints of low back pain.

Keywords: Age, Gender, Work Position, Sitting Duration, LBP, WFH  

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DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v14i1.17465

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