Analisis Risiko Multifaktorial Terhadap Terjadinya Dementia Pada Populasi Wanita Muslim Pra-Lansia / Lansia Di Kabupaten Sukoharjo

Retno Sintowati(1*), Yusuf Alam Ramadhan(2), Sulistyani Sulistyani(3)

(1) Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(2) Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(3) Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Latar belakang: Prevalensi wanita Indonesia untuk mengalami hipertensi dan penyakit jantung lebih besar daripada pria. Wanita Indonesia juga lebih tinggi prevalensi depresi dan gangguan mental emosional dibandingkan pria. Kedua faktor ini merupakan penentu kesehatan pembuluh darah termasuk di dalamnya kesehatan pembuluh darah otak yang berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya dementia. Hingga kini masih sedikit kajian yang lebih komprehensif mengenai faktor risiko terjadinya dementia pada wanita Muslim dengan berbagai risiko yang lebih tinggi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya dementia pada komunitas wanita Muslim Indonesia. Metoda: Populasi penelitian ini 38 wanita Muslim dari peserta posyandu lansia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kartasura yang dipilih dengan teknik sampling cluster random. Peserta dianalisis usia, pendidikan, usia menarche, status klimakterium, penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal, indeks masa tubuh, tekanan darah, gula darah puasa, aktivitas fisik, gangguan mental dengan DASS [depression anxiety stress scale], fungsi kognitif mini mental state examination [MMSE], pemahaman bacaan sholat, dan biomarker molekuler kardiovaskuler seperti hs-CRP, ICAM1 dan interferon gamma diukur dengan pemeriksaan ELISA. Analisis statistic menggunakan korelasi. Hasil: Terdapat 38 wanita Muslim pra-lansia/lansia yang mengikuti prosedur penelitian ini. Dari analisis bivariat adanya korelasi antara usia dengan DASS (r= - 0.310 p=0.028), kadar gula darah puasa dengan hs-CRP (r=0.364 p=0.024), bacaan sholat dengan interferon gamma (r= - 0.325 p=0.046). Kesimpulan: Pada wanita, gangguan metabolism glukosa meningkatkan inflamasi sistemik kronik, pembuluh darah yang mengalami inflamasi menurunkan fungsi kognitif otak, spiritualitas Islam yang baik menurunkan tingkat inflamasi sistemik.

 

Kata kunci : biomolekuler, demensia, psikososio-spiritual, wanita Jawa Muslim

Keywords

biomolekuler, demensia, psikososio-spiritual, wanita Jawa Muslim

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DOI: 10.23917/jk.v14i2.13974

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