Praktik Lobi dan Negosiasi oleh Legislator Sebagai Bentuk Komunikasi Politik

Ardianto Ardianto(1), Guntur F Prisanto(2), Irwansyah Irwansyah(3), Niken Febrina Ernungtyas(4), Syahrul Hidayanto(5*)

(1) STIKOM Interstudi
(2) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Komunikasi InterStudi
(3) Universitas Indonesia
(4) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Komunikasi InterStudi
(5) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Komunikasi InterStudi
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Lobi dan negosiasi sebagai kegiatan komunikasi sampai saat ini masih dianggap memiliki asosiasi yang negatif. Padahal, dua kegiatan tersebut dapat berdampak positif misalnya membantu legislator meyakinkan pemangku kepentingan untuk mengesahkan Rancangan Undang-Undang (RUU) yang bermanfaat bagi masyarakat luas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami praktik dan lobi yang dilakukan anggota legislatif kepada pemangku kepentingan dalam proses pembahasan RUU Konsultan Pajak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, strategi penelitian studi kasus, dan pengumpulan data berupa wawancara terstruktur dan dokumentasi. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik dan triangulasi penelitian berupa triangulasi teori dan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam melakukan praktik lobi dan negosiasi, legislator sebagai komunikator politik menempatkan posisi sebagai politisi partisan. Lima area dasar kegiatan lobi yang dilakukan yaitu menjalin koalisi dengan organisasi berpengaruh di luar DPR, melakukan riset dan laporan, menjalin komunikasi dengan individu di dalam parlemen, memilih pembicara dan saksi ahli, serta melakukan persiapan debat. Sementara, bentuk kegiatan komunikasi dalam proses negosiasi yaitu mengonstruksi narasi, menetapkan strategi negosiasi, dan mengelola hubungan dengan konstituen. Meskipun proses lobi dan negosiasi menemui gangguan, legislator ternyata berhasil meyakinkan para pemangku kepentingan untuk menyetujui RUU Konsultan Pajak masuk dalam daftar Prolegnas Prioritas tahun 2018

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DOI: 10.23917/komuniti.v12i1.10009

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