BAHASA ETNIK MADURA DI LINGKUNGAN SOSIAL: KAJIAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK DI KOTA SURAKARTA
Kundharu Saddono(1*)(1) 
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
This research was descriptive about language used by Madurese ethnic in Surakarta. The locations selected were five sub-districts of Surakarta: Jebres, Pasar Kliwon, Serengan, Banjarsari, and Laweyan. The research was aimed to describe the language used by Madurese society in Surakarta based on social domain, to explain the type and the function of language of the Madurese society based on social domain, and to explain the language specification of Madurese society in Surakarta. The data collection was conducted through listening and oral method. This method was supported by recording and a note technique. In addition, in- depth interview technique was used. The data were analyzed by using sociolinguistics approach by considering the social context of the speech components (Hyme’s SPEAKING). The results shows that the functions of Madurese language are familiness, expression of feeling, ethnic identity, secrecy, and cultural defense; Javanese language is used for habit, adaptation, and friendship; Indonesian lan- guage is used for formal situation, ethnic community, education situation, initial meeting; mixed language is used for nonformal situation, message confirmation, and new concepts. The specifications of the language use of the Madurese ethnic community in Surakarta are the use of greeting, use of particles, use of reduplica- tions, type of words, language variation, and Bangkalan dialect.
Key words: bilingualisme, madurese ethnic, sociolinguistic, dan dialek.
Full Text:
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)References
Bruner, Edward M. 1985. “Kekerabatan dan Bukan Kekerabatan” dalam T.O. Ihromi (Ed.).
Pokok-pokok Antropologi Budaya. Jakarta: Gramedia.
Crystal, David. 1987. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
De Jonge, H. 1989. Madura dalam Empat Zaman: Pedagang, Perkembangan Ekonomi, dan Islam. Suatu Studi Antropologi Ekonomi. Jakarta: PT Gramedia.
Dwiraharjo, Maryono. 2001. Bahasa Jawa Krama. Surakarta: Pustaka Cakra Surakarta. Fasold, Ralph. 1993. The Sociolinguistics of Society. New York: Basil Blackwell.
Fishman, Joshua A. 1996. Language Loyality in The United States: The Manitenance and Perpetuation of Non-English. Mother Tongues by American Ethic and Religion Groups. London, Paris: The Hague Mounton.
Gal, Susan. 1979. Language Shift: Social Determinats of Linguistic Change in Bilingual
Austria. New York: Academic Press.
Giles, Howard. 1979. Language and Social Psychology. Oxford: Basil Blackwell Publisher. Gumperz, John. 1975. Language in Social Groups. Stanford CA: Stanford University Press.
Haugen, Einar. 1972. The Ecology of Language, Essays by Einar Haugen (Penyunting Anwar
Dill). California: Stanford University Press.
Hodges, Robert and Guther Kress. 1991. Social Semiotics. Cambridge: Polity Press. Hudson, R.A. 1980. Sociolinguistics. London, New York, Sydney: Cambridge University
Press.
Hymes, Dell (ed.). 1964. Language in Culture and Society. New York: Harper & Row
Publisers.
Junaidy, Rasul. 1999. “Madura dalam Gelombang Reformasi”. Surabaya: Radar Madura Edisi
Oktober 1999.
Kantor Statistik Kota Surakarta. 2002. Surakarta dalam Angka 2002. Surakarta. Kuntowijoyo. 2002. Perubahan Sosial dalam Masyarakat Agraris Madura. Yogyakarta:
Mata Bangsa.
Markhamah. 2000. Etnik Cina: Kajian Linguistis Kultural. Surakarta: Universitas
Muhammadiyah Surakarta Press.
Pelly, Usman. 1994. Interaksi Antar Suku Bangsa dalam Masyarakat Majemuk. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Poedjosoedarmo, Soepomo. 1985. “Komponen Tutur” dalam Soenjono Dardjowidjoyo (ed.)
Perkembangan Linguistik di Indonesia. Jakarta: Penerbit Arca. Romaine, Suzanne. 1995. Bilingualism. Massachusette: Blackwell.
Saddhono, Kundharu . 2004. “Bahasa Etnik Madura di Surakarta: Sebuah Kajian Sosiolinguistik”. Surakarta: Tesis Program Studi Linguistik Deskriptif Pascasarjana Uni- versitas Sebelas Maret.
Safioedin, A. 1977. Kamus Bahasa Madura-Indonesia. Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan
Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Said, RM. 1984. Babad Sala (Transkrip). Perpustakaan Reksa Pustaka, Mangkunegaran
Surakarta.
Sudaryanto. 1995. Linguistik: Identitasnya, Cara Penanganan Obyeknya, dan Hasil
Kajiannya. Yoyakarta: Duta Wacana University Press.
Sudaryanto.1984. “Metode dan Aneka Teknik Pengumpulan Data dalam rangka Linguistik: Prinsip-prinsip dan Konsep-konsep Dasar” dalam Bacaan Linguistik. Yogyakarta : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia
Sumarsono. 1993. Pemertahanan Bahasa Melayu Loloan di Bali. Jakarta: Departemen
Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Sumarsono dan Paina Partana. 2002. Sosiolinguistik
Article Metrics
Abstract view(s): 1773 time(s)PDF (Bahasa Indonesia): 1790 time(s)
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.