TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK GORENG BEKAS MENJADI BIODIESEL DENGAN KATALIS KALSIUM OKSIDA

Nur Hidayati(1*)

(1) Program Studi Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Penggunaan kalsium oksida sebagai katalis basa heterogen dipelajari untuk pembuatan biodiesel dari minyak goreng bekas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan molar metanol:minyak (9:1, 12:1, dan 15:1),  jumlah katalis (1, 2, dan  3%),  suhu (30, 45,dan 60°C) dan waktu reaksi (1,5, 2, dan 2,5 jam) terhadap yield metil ester  yang dihasilkan. Yield tertinggi, 53 %, diperoleh ketika reaksi diselenggarakan dengan kondisi perbandingan methanol:minyak 15:1, jumlah katalis 3%, suhu reaksi 60°C dan waktu reaksi 2 jam. Pada level-level variabel yang diujikan, rasio molar methanol minyak, suhu dan waktu rekasi berpengaruh secara signifikan tetapi jumlah katalis merupakan variabel yang pengaruhnya tidak begitu signifikan.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Schuchardt, U., R. Sercheli, and R.M. Vargas, 1998, Transesterification of Vegetable Oils: a Review, J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 9:199-210.

Ma, F. and M. A. Hanna, 1999, Biodiesel production: a review, Bioresource Technology 70:1-15.

Helwani, Z., M. R. Othman, N. Aziz, J. Kim, and W.J.N. Fernando, 2009, Solid Heterogeneous Catalysts for Transesterification of Triglycerides with Methanol: A Review, Applied catalysis A 363:1-10.

Vyas, A.P., J. V. Verma, and N. Subrahmanyam, 2010, A review on FAME Production Processes, Fuel 89:1-9.

Lotero, E., Y. Liu, D. E. Lopez, K. Suwannakarn, D. A. Bruce, and J. G. Goodwin Jr., 2005, Synthesis of Biodiesel via Acid Catalysis, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 44:5353-5363.

Lou, W.Y., M. H. Zong, and Z. Q. Duan, 2008, Efficient Production of Biodiesel from High Free Fatty Acid-containing Waste Oils Using Various Carbohydrate-derived Solid Acid Catalysts, Bioresource Technology 99:8752-8758.

Jiménez-López, A., Jiménez-Morales, I., Santamaría-Gonzáles, J., and Maireles-Torres, P. (2011) Biodiesel production from sunflower oil by tungten oxide supported on zirconium doped MCM-41 silica, Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 335:205-209.

Zabeti M, W. M. A.Wan Daud, and M. K. Aroua, 2009, Activity of Solid Catalysts for Biodiesel Production: A Review, Fuel Process Technol; 90: 770–777.

Zhang, J., Chen, S., Yang, R., and Yan, Y. (2010) Biodiesel production from vegetable oil using heterogeneous acid and alkali catalyst, Fuel 89:2939-2944.

Kouzu, M., T. Kasuno, M. Tajika, Y. Sugimoto, S. Yamanaka, and J. Hidaka, 2008, Calcium Oxide as A Solid Catalyst for Transesterification of Soybean Oil and Its Application to Biodiesel Production, Fuel, 87:2798-2806.

Liu, X., H. He, Y.Wang, S. Zhu, and X, Piao, 2008, Transesterification of Soybean Oil to Biodiesel Using CaO as A Solid Base Catalyst, Fuel 87:216-221.

Banerjee, A., and R. Chakraborty, 2009, Parametric Sensitivity in Transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil for Biodiesel Production - A review. Resource, Conservation and Recycling, 53:490-497.

Hsiao, M-C., C-C. Lin, and Y-H. Chang, 2011, Microwave Irradiation-assisted Transesterification of Soybean Oil to Biodiesel Catalyzed by Nanopowder Calcium Oxide. Fuel 90:1963-1967.

Article Metrics

Abstract view(s): 3823 time(s)
PDF: 11916 time(s)

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.