PENGARUH SEKAT ALUMINIUM FOIL TERHADAP RASIO NEURON DAN NEUROGLIA JARINGAN SEREBRI TIKUS WISTAR JANTAN YANG DIBERI PAPARAN RADIASI ELEKTROMAGNETIK

Irmawan Farindra(1*), Warda Elmaida Rusdi(2), Viskasari P Kalanjati(3), Ni Wajan Tirthaningsih(4)

(1) Departemen Anatomi dan Histologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama, Surabaya
(2) Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama, Surabaya
(3) Departemen Anatomi dan Histologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya
(4) Departemen Anatomi dan Histologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

ABSTRAK 

Telepon selular merupakan salah satu sumber radiasi elektromagnetik (EMR). Peningkatan penggunaan telepon selular dapat meningkatkan efek negatif EMR sebagai salah satu penyebab stres oksidatif pada tubuh manusia diantaranya jaringan serebri. Aluminium foil (AF) adalah salah satu bahan yang direkomendasikan untuk melindungi otak dari efek negatif EMR karena memiliki potensi absorption loss and reflective loss. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian sekat AF terhadap EMR dari telepon selular terhadap rasio neuron dan neuroglia pada jaringan serebri tikus Wistar jantan dewasa. Sebanyak 32 ekor tikus jantan dewasa dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok (n=8). Kelompok KI EMR (-) dan AF (-); Kelompok K2 EMR (-) dan AF (+); Kelompok P1 EMR (+) dan AF (-); Kelompok P2 EMR (+) dan AF (+). Telepon selular (GSM 2100 MHz; SAR 0,84-1,86 W/kg) diletakkan di dasar wadah kotak plastik , kemudian dipaparkan 4 jam/ hari selama 30 hari. Data jumlah neuron dan neuroglia tiap kelompok dianalisis dengan tingkat signifikansi p<0,05 (uji one way ANOVA, SPSS 17). Dari hasil rasio neuron dan neuroglia didapatkan penurunan rasio pada kelompok perlakuan dibandingkan kontrol, serta peningkatan rasio pada kelompok perlakuan P2 dibandingkan kelompok P1. Hal tersebut membuktikan AF dapat melindungi dari efek negatif EMR dengan meningkatkan jumlah neuroglia sebagai respon proteksi terhadap kerusakan neuron pada jaringan serebri.

Kata Kunci: Aluminium Foil, Radiasi Elektromagnetik, Telepon Seluler; Serebri, Neuron, Neuroglia

 

ABSTRACT 

Cellular phones are a source of electromagnetic radiation (EMR). Increased use of cellular phones, can increase the negative effects of EMR as one of the causes of oxidative stress in the human body, including cerebral tissue. Aluminum foil (AF) is one of the recommended materials as protection against the negative effects of EMR because it has the potential for absorption loss and reflective loss. This study aims to determine the effect of AF blocking on EMR from cellular phones, where the variables studied were the number of neurons and neuroglia, as well as the ratio of neurons and neuroglia in the cerebral tissue of adult male Wistar rats. This study used 32 adult male rats which were divided into 4 groups (n=8). Each mouse was placed in a plastic box container measuring 20x16x9 cm with a wire cover. A cellular phone (GSM 2100 MHz; SAR 0.84-1.86 W/kg) was placed at the bottom of the plastic case and exposed 4 hours/day for 30 days. Data were analyzed with a significance level of p<0.05 (Kruskal-Wallis test or ANOVA, SPSS 17). From these results, it is evident that AF can protect against the negative effects of EMR by reducing the effects of oxidative stress by reducing neuronal damage in cerebral tissue.

Keywords: Aluminium Foil, Electromagnetic Radiation, Mobile Phone, Brain, Neuron, Neuroglia

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DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v14i2.18725

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