Mikroalga Chlorella sp. Sebagai Bioremediator Logam Berat

Caroline Novela Dyah Irianto(1), L. Indah Murwani Yulianti(2*), B. Boy Rahardjo Sidharta(3)

(1) Fakultas Teknobiologi, Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta
(2) 
(3) 
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Polusi logam berat dan implikasinya bagi kesehatan manusia dan lingkungan telah menyebabkan meningkatnya minat untuk mengembangkan pendekatan bioteknologi lingkungan. Lima logam berat, antara lain arsenik (As), timbal (Pb), merkuri (Hg), cadmium (Cd), dan kromium (Cr) bersifat karsinogenik serta menunjukkan toksisitas walaupun dalam jumlah yang sedikit yang dapat mengancam ekologi lingkungan dan kesehatan manusia. Mikroalga memiliki beberapa manfaat dalam bidang industri terutama dalam menurunkan biaya produksi biofuel. Penggunaan mikroalga dalam fikoremediasi logam berat dikarenakan beberapa manfaat termasuk ketersediannya yang melimpah, murah, serta ramah lingkungan. Toleransi dan respons dari strain mikroalga yang berbeda terhadap logam berat serta kemampuan bioakumulasinya yang sangat efisien menjadi prioritas dalam pemanfaatan mikroalga. Chlorella sp. adalah spesies teratas yang banyak dipelajari dan digunakan dalam aplikasi penurunan logam berat dalam berbagai jenis limbah. Tinjauan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi mikroalga dalam menurunkan konsentrasi logam berat serta memberi informasi ilmiah yang bermanfaat untuk membantu pengembangan teknologi yang efisien di masa depan yang layak secara komersial dalam bioremediasi logam berat menggunakan mikroalga

Keywords

bioremediasi, mikroalgae, logam berat ,Chlorella, limbah cair

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DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v8i1.12769

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