Kualitas Bioplastik dari Umbi Singkong Karet dengan Penambahan Kombinasi Plasticizer Gliserol dengan Sorbitol dan Kitosan

Aminah Asngad(1*), Ervian Jan Marudin(2), Devi Setyaning Cahyo(3)

(1) 
(2) Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(3) Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

High plastic demand has the potential to cause problems because plastic is a synthetic polymer made from petroleum that is difficult to decipher. Therefore, saving the current development of biodegradable plastics that can be decomposed by microorganisms naturally. Cassava rubber tubers are rarely used because they contain HCN toxin but have a carbohydrate content of 98.4674%, so it has the potential as a bio-plastic material. The purpose of this study was to determine the Bioplastic Quality of Cassava Rubber with the addition of a combination of Plasticizer Glycerol with Sorbitol and Chitosan. The study was conducted in the lab. Biology FKIP UMS, research methods used are experimental research methods. The study design used was completely randomized design with 2 treatment factors, namely: treatment factor 1 volume of glycerol (G), G 1 = 3ml; G 2 = 5ml; G 3 = 7ml. Treatment factors are 2 types of Plasticizer (P), P1 = Sorbitol and; P2 = Chitosan. The analysis used is descriptive qualitative used to test tensile resistance, elongation at break. Based on the results of the study showed the strongest spacer resistance, G1P1 which is 17.20N / mm², and the highest breaking length, G3P1 which is 24.00%. with sorbitol and chitosan.

Keywords

tensile resistance, elongation at break, rubber cassava tubers, sorbitol and chitosan

References

Agoes, A. (2010). Tanaman Obat Indonesia. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.

Arin Widya, A. (2010). Pembuatan Edible Film Dari Semirefine Carrageenan (Kajian Konsentrasi Tepung Src Dan Sorbitol). Tesis. Jawa Timur: UPN.

Asngad, A., Amelia, R., & Aeni, N. (2018). Pemanfaatan Kombinasi Kulit Kacang Dengan Bonggol Pisang Dan Biji Nangka Untuk Pembuatan Plastik Biodegradable Dengan Penambahan Gliserol. Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, 4(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.23917/bioeksperimen.v4i1.5924.

Coniwanti, P., Laila, L., & Alfira, R. (2014). Pembuatan Film Plastik Biodegredabel Dari Pati Jagung Dengan Penambahan Kitosan Dan Pemplastis Gliserol. Jurnal Teknik Kimia (Vol. 20). Retrieved from http://jtk.unsri.ac.id/index.php/jtk/article/view/188.

Darni, Y., & Utami, H. (2010). Studi Pembuatan Dan Karakteristik Sifat Mekanik Dan Hidrofobisitas Bioplastik Dari Pati Sorgum. Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan, 7(4), 88–93. Retrieved from http://jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/RKL/article/view/79.

Dwi Hartatik, Y., & Nuriyah, L. (2014). Pengaruh Komposisi Kitosan terhadap Sifat Mekanik dan Biodegradable Bioplastik.Jurnal Ilmiah.Jurusan Fisika FMIPA, Universitas Brawijaya. Retrieved from https://www.neliti.com/publications/159022/pengaruh-komposisi-kitosan-terhadap-sifat-mekanik-dan-biodegradable-bioplastik.

Fairus, S., & dkk. (2010). Pengaruh Konsentrasi HCl dan Waktu Hidrolisis Terhadap Perolehan Glukosa yang Dihasilkan dari Pati Biji Nangka. Yogyakarta: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia“Kejuangan.”.

Gontard, N., Guilbert, S., & CUQ, J. ‐L. (1993). Water and Glycerol as Plasticizers Affect Mechanical and Water Vapor Barrier Properties of an Edible Wheat Gluten Film. Journal of Food Science, 58(1), 206–211. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1993.tb03246.x.

Huda, T. (2007). Karakteristik Fisikokimiawi Film Plastik Biodegradable dari Komposit Pati Singkong-Ubi Jalar. JurnalPenelitian dan Sains “Logika”, 4(1), 3-10.

Laboratorium Makanan dan Ternak FP Universitas Diponegoro. (2013).

Laohakunjit, N., & Noomhorm, A. (2004). Effect Of Plasticizers On Mechanical And Barrier Properties Of Rice Starch Film. Starch/Staerke, 56(8), 348–356. https://doi.org/10.1002/star.200300249.

Lehninger, A. L. (1982). Dasar-dasar Biokimia. Jakarta: Warta Medika.

Mali, S., Grossmann, M. V. E., García, M. A., Martino, M. N., & Zaritzky, N. E. (2005). Mechanical And Thermal Properties Of Yam Starch Films. Food Hydrocolloids, 19(1), 157–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2004.05.002.

McHugh, T. H., & Krochta, J. M. (1994). Sorbitol-vs Glycerol-Plasticized Whey Protein Edible Films: Integrated Oxygen Permeability and Tensile Property Evaluation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 42(4), 841–845. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00040a001.

Pudjiastuti, W., & dkk. (2010). Polimer Nano Komposit sebagai Master Batch Polimer Biodegradable untuk Kemasan Makanan. Jurnal Riset Industri, 6(1), 51–60. Retrieved from http://ejournal.kemenperin.go.id/jri/article/view/3294.

Purwanti, A. (2010). Analisis Kuat Tarik Dan Elongasi Plastik Kitosan Terplastisasi Sorbitol. Jurnal Teknologi. Yogyakarta, 3(2), 99–106.. https://doi.org/https://ejournal.akprind.ac.id/index.php/jurtek/article/view/853.

Radhiyatullah, A., Indriani, N., Hendra, M., & Ginting, S. (2015). Pengaruh Berat Pati Dan Volume Plasticizer Gliserol Terhadap Karakteristik Film Bioplastik Pati Kentang. Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU, 4(3), 35–39. Retrieved from http://repository.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/70016#.

Rasyidi Fachry, A., Sartika, A., Raya Palembang Prabumulih Km, J., & Ogan Ilir, I. (2012). Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Udang Dan Limbah Kulit Ari Singkong Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Plastik Biodegradable. Jurnal Teknik Kimia,18(3), 1–9.

Sanjaya, I. G., & Puspita, T. (2011). Pengaruh Penambahan Khitosan Danplasticizer Gliserol Pada Karakteristikplastik Biodegradable Dari Pati Limbahkulit Singkong. Undergraduete Theses,Chemical Engineering,RSK 664.419 2 IGe p,2011. Retrieved from http://digilib.its.ac.id/ITS-Undergraduate-3100011044493/17047#.

Saputra, A., & dkk. (2015). Studi Pembuatan dan Karakteristik Sifat Mekanik Plastik Biodegradable Berbahan Dasar Ubi Suweg (Amorphophallus campanulatus). Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis Dan Biosistem, 3(1), 1–6. Retrieved from https://jkptb.ub.ac.id/index.php/jkptb/article/view/240.

Selpiana dkk. (2015). Pembuatan Plastik Biodegrdable Dari Tepung Nasi Aking. Inderalaya: Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sriwijaya. Retrieved from http://eprints.unsri.ac.id/6042/#.

Sinaga, R. F., Ginting, G. M., Ginting, M. H. S., & Hasibuan, R. (2014). Pengaruh Penambahan Gliserol Terhadap Sifat Kekuatan Tarik dan Pemanjangan Saat Putus Bioplastik dari Pati Umbi Talas. Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU, 3(2). Retrieved from http://repository.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/70014.

Siswono. (2008). Jaringan Informasi Pangan dan Gizi, Volume XIV. Jakarta: Ditjen Bina Gizi Masyarakat.

Supriadi, A. (2016). Inaplas Soroti Manajemen Sampah dan Pengelolaan Dana Plastik. Retrieved from https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20160222123332-92-112525/inaplas-soroti-manajemen-sampah-dan-pengelolaan-dana-plastik.

Susilawati, & dkk. (2011). Biodegradable Plastics from a Mixture of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and Cassava Starch with the Addition of Acrylic Acid. Jurnal Natural (Vol. 11). Retrieved from http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/natural/article/view/578#.

Tripathi, S., Mehrotra, G. K., & Dutta, P. K. (2009). Physicochemical and bioactivity of cross-linked chitosan-PVA film for food packaging applications. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 45(4), 372–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2009.07.006.

Winarno, F. (2002). Kimia Pangan dan Gizi. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Utama.

Zhong, Q. P., & Xia, W. S. (2008). Physicochemical Properties of Edible and Preservative Films from Chitosan/Cassava Starch/Gelatin Blend Plasticized with Glycerol. Food Technology and Biotechnology, 46(3), 262–269. Retrieved from https://hrcak.srce.hr/26375.

DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v6i1.10431

Article Metrics

Abstract view(s): 2516 time(s)
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia): 3039 time(s)

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.