Email this article THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SEMANTIC PRIMING IN OVERCOMING THE TIP OF THE TONGUE PHENOMENON
Ira Septira Dewi(1*), Hairus Salikin(2)(1) Universitas Jember
(2) Universitas Jember
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The obstacle in accessing words that have been stored in memory is called the Tip of the Tongue phenomenon (ToT). This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of semantic priming techniques and sub lexicon codes in facilitating the process of accessing the lexicon when the subjects are in ToT state. This research is a qualitative descriptive study where the researcher conducted an experiment with a psycholinguistic analysis approach. The data are in the form of target words, prime words, and the success rate of the subject in recalling words. The data were obtained from the experiments, interviews, and observations involving 8 students at the tertiary level with an age range of 18-22 years. The results showed that the effectiveness rate of semantic priming in the process of accessing the lexicon is 67,6%, onset 8,9%, first syllable 23,5%. In addition, there were also factors that influenced the subjects' success in recalling words, such as age, character and intelligence, subject selective processes, inhibiting words, health and word acquisition processes. To conclude, priming associative semantics was quite effective in helping the subject recall words when the subject in the Tip of the Tongue State.
Full Text:
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)References
Al Jebouri, R. S. (2021). A Study of Speech Error Phenomena T.O.T Experienced by Advanced EFL Speakers. Psychology and Education Journal, 58(2). https://doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.1957
Bogdan dan Taylor, 2010 J. Moleong, Lexy. 1989.Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: Remadja Karya.
Brown, R., & McNeill, D. (1966). The “tip of the tongue” phenomenon. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 5(4), 325–337. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(66)80040-3
Brown, A. S. (1991). A review of the tip-of-the-tongue experience. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 204-
Burke, D. M., Mackay, D. G., Worthley, D. S., & Wade, E. (1991). On the tip of the tongue: what causes
word finding failure in younger and older adults? Journal of Memory and Language, 30, 542-579.
Campos-Magdaleno, M., Leiva, D., Pereiro, A. X., Lojo-Seoane, C., Mallo, S. C., Nieto-Vieites, A., Juncos-
Rabadán, O., & Facal, D. (2020). Longitudinal Patterns of the Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon in
People With Subjective Cognitive Complaints and Mild Cognitive Impairment. Frontiers in
Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00425
D’Angelo, M. C., & Humphreys, K. R. (2015). Tip-of-the-tongue states reoccur because of implicit
learning, but resolving them helps. Cognition, 142, 166–190.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2015.05.019
David E. Rumelhart, James L. McClelland., 1987., Parallel Distributed Processing, Volume 1;
Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition: Foundations., The MIT Press
Dqlab.id (2020) Data Analysis: Teknik Analisis Data Kualitatif. Diakses pada 20 November 2021,
dari https://www.dqlab.id/data-analisis-pahami-teknik-pengumpulan-data
Field. J. (2004). Psycholinguistics: The Key Concepts. Routledge
Greelane.com (2018) Apa Fenomena Tip-of-the-Tongue? Diakses pada 14 November 2021, dari
https://www.greelane.com/id/sastra/inggris/tipofthetongue-tot-phenomenon-1692548/
Harmayanthi, VY. (2016). Semantik Priming dalam Pengenalan Kata-Kata berbahasa Inggris. Jurnal
Ilmu Pendidikan STKIP Kusuma Negara Vol. 8. No. 1. Diakses dari
https://jurnal.stkipkusumanegara.ac.id/index.php/jip/article/view/181
James, L. E., Schmank, C. J., Castro, N., & Buchanan, T. W. (2018). Tip of the Tongue States Increase
Under Evaluative Observation. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 47(1), 169–178.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10936-017-9524-9
Kendra Cherry (2021) Priming and the Psychology of Memory. Diakses pada 15 November
, dari https://www.verywellmind.com/priming-and-the-psychology-of-memory-
Kim, J. W., Kim, M., & Yoon, J. H. (2020). The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon in older adults with
subjective memory complaints. PLoS ONE, 15(9 Setember).
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239327
Kim, S., & Choi, H. (2021). Characteristics of Tip of the Tongue Phenomenon on the Task of Naming
Celebrities in Healthy Elderly Adults. Communication Sciences and Disorders, 26(4).
https://doi.org/10.12963/csd.21855
Kompasiana.com (2019) Kajian Literatur Rumelhard dan McCelland. Diakses pada 20 November
, dari https://www.kompasiana.com/balawadayu/5dc020a5097f362afb7debf2/
kajian-literatur-rumelhard-dan-mccelland
Lee, Y. N., & Choi, S. Y. (2016). Differences in tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon and resolving patterns according to vocabulary characteristics between young and elderly adults. Communication Sciences and Disorders, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.12963/csd.16294
Levelt, W. J. M. (2020). On Becoming a Physicist of Mind. In Annual Review of Linguistics (Vol. 6). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011619-030256
Levelt, W. J. M., Roelofs, A., & Meyer, A. S. (1999). A theory of lexical access in speech production.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22(1), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X99001776
Pinet, S., & Nozari, N. (2018). “Twisting fingers”: The case for interactivity in typed language production. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 25(4). https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1452-7
Radel, R., & Fournier, M. (2017). The influence of external stimulation in missing knowledge retrieval. Memory, 25(9). https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1282519
Rahman, Azkia Rostiani, Kushartanti & Harwinta Juhria Anjarningsih. (2017). Tip of The Tongue
Analysis in Indonesian Language Speaker: A Case Study. People: International Journal of Social
Science, 3 (3): 292-300. (Online). http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Resnik, K., Bradbury, D., Barnes, G. R., & Leff, A. P. (2014). Between thought and expression, a
magnetoencephalography study of the “tip-of-the-tongue” phenomenon. Journal of Cognitive
Neuroscience, 26(10). https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00611
Rousseau, L., & Kashur, N. (2021). Socially Shared Feelings of Imminent Recall: More Tip-of-the-
Tongue States Are Experienced in Small Groups. Frontiers in Psychology, 12.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.704433
Ryals, A. J., Kelly, M. E., & Cleary, A. M. (2021). Increased pupil dilation during tip-of-the-tongue
states. Consciousness and Cognition, 92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2021.103152
Sainte Anastasie (2021) Priming Semantik vs. Visual Priming Fenomena Ujung Lidah. Diakses pada
November 2021, dari https://id.sainte-anastasie.org/articles/psicologa-cognitiva/priming-
semntico-vs-priming-visual-el-fenmeno-punta-de-la-lengua.html
Sugiyono. 2005. Metode Penelitian Administrasi. Bandung: Alfabeta
Schwartz, B. L. (2002). The phenomenology of naturally-occurring tip-of-the-tongue states: A diary
study. In S. Shohov (Ed.) Advances in Psychology Research (pp. 71–84). Nova Science Publishers:
New York
Schwartz, B. L., & Metcalfe, J. (2011). Tip-of-the-tongue (T.O.T.) states Retrieval, behavior, and experience. Memory & Cognition, 39, 737–749.
Article Metrics
Abstract view(s): 417 time(s)PDF (Bahasa Indonesia): 275 time(s)
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
