Parenting Style to Reduce Academic Stress in Early Childhood during The New Normal

Uni Kartika Sari(1*), Retno Sulistiyaningsih(2),

(1) TK ABA 62 Jabung, Laren, Lamongan
(2) Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Negeri Malang
(*) Corresponding Author
DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/indigenous.v8i1.19562

Abstract

Abstract. At home, the role of parents is not only as a facilitator but also as a coach and companions in children's activities during the new normal era, especially in learning activities. The purpose of this study is to analyse parenting style to reduce academic stress in early childhood age 3 to 6 years during new normal era. This study uses a method derived from the literature review (SLR), the systematic mappingstudy (SMS). A systematic mapping study is a systematic literature review that using predetermined protocols and filters. The research conducted an online search on the indexed electronic database of Google Scholar. The Researcher used 14 main articles according to the research topic and matched the keywords. However, other sources that support the theory of child development and parenting style are still needed. The results showed that good parenting through active involvement, responsiveness, caring, sensitivity to children's emotions, communication, and empowerment would ensure positive developmental outcomes during the new normal era. The parenting style to reduce the level of academic stress in early childhood during the new normal by maintaining positive relationships and interactions, facilitating children's needs for remote learning, providing learning assistance, encouraging children to express emotions, creating constructive family rules, showing appreciation to children and parents actively participating in seminars and training on positive parenting. Findings have implications for parents whose children are actively learning and try to use positive parenting style to reduce academic stress during the new normal.
Keywords: Parenting style; academic stress; early childhood; new normal; covid-19.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Alharthi, M. (2021). Parental involvement in children’s online education during covid-19 : A phenomenological study in Saudi Arabia. Early Childhood Education Journal, 51, 345–359. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-021-01286-y

Aryani, E. (2021). Communication between parents and early childhood to build confidence in the pandemic covid-19. JPPM (Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat), 8(1), 67–75. https://doi.org/10.21831/jppm.v8i1.35211

Brown, S. M., Doom, J. R., Pena, S. L., Watamura, S. E., & Koppels, T. (2020). Stress and parenting during the global covid-19 pandemic. Elsevier Child & Neglect, 110, 1-14. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104699

Cahyono, Margiani, V., & Talitha, R. I. (2021). Pola asuh orang tua dalam menanamkan sikap disiplin anak pada masa pandemi covid-19. Didaktik : Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD STKIP Subang, 07(01), 198–211.

Cusinato, M., Iannattone, S., Spoto, A., Poli, M., Moretti, C., Gatta, M., & Miscioscia, M. (2020). Stress, resilience, and well-being in Italian children and their parents during the covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Reseacrh and Public Health, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228297

Dewi, P. A. S. C., & Khotimah, H. (2020). Pola asuh orang tua pada anak di masa pandemi covid-19. Seminar Nasional Sistem Informasi (SENASIF), 4(1), 2433 - 2441. Retrieved from https://jurnalfti.unmer.ac.id/index.php/senasif/article/view/324.

Effendi, Y. (2020). Pola asuh anak di tengah pandemi covid-19 : Pendekatan humanistik dalam mendukung tumbuh kembang anak. Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial, 9(2), 163–186.

Fauzi, A. H., Rizal, M., & Arifianti, R. (2018). Corporate entrepreneurship in smes : A systematic mapping study. Manajemen Pelayanan Publik, 2(1), 55–63. https://doi.org/10.24198/jmpp.v2i1.21575

Gadsden, V. L., Ford, M., & Breiner, H. (2016). Parenting matters: Supporting parents of children ages 0-8. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/21868

Garbe, A., Ogurlu, U., Logan, N., & Cook, P. (2020). Covid-19 and remote learning : Experiences of parents with children during the pandemic. American Journal of Qualitative Research, 4(3), 45–65. https://doi.org/10.29333/ajqr/8471

Goldberg, A. E., McCormick, N., & Virginia, H. (2022). School-age adopted children ’ s early responses to remote schooling during covid-19. Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Science, Family Relations, 68–89. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12612

Hapsari, W., & Iftayani, I. (2016). Model pendidikan karakter pada anak usia dini melalui program islamic habituation. Jurnal Indigenous, 1(2), 8–19. https://doi.org/10.23917/indigenous.v1i1.4456

Hernández-Agramonte, J. M., Namen, O., Hadley, E. N., & Biehl, M. L. (2022). Improving early childhood development outcomes in times of covid-19: Experimental evidence on parental networks and sms messages. Inter- American Development Bank. retrieved from: https://ideas.repec.org/p/idb/brikps/11888.html

Karki, U., Dhonju, G., & Kunwar, A. R. (2020). Parenting during the covid-19 pandemic. J Nepal Med Assoc, 58(231), 957–959. https://doi.org/10.31729/jnma.5319

Kim, S., Lee, S., Han, H., Jung, J., Yang, S., & Kim, S. (2021). Parental mental health and children’s behaviors and media usage during covid-19 related school closures. J Korean Med Sci., 36(25), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e184

Mashar, R. (2007). Emosi positif anak usia dini dan stimulasi “aku anak ceria.” Indigenous, Jurnal Ilmiah Berkala Psikologi, 9(1), 18–29. https://doi.org/10.23917/indigenous.v9i1.1654

Maulina, E., Padjadjaran, U., Miftahuddin, A., Padjadjaran, U., Gaol, D. L., & Padjadjaran, U. (2019). A systematic mapping study on competitive advantage for micro, small and a systematic mapping study on competitive advantage for micro, small and medium enterprises. Proceedings of 1st Workshop on Environmental Science, Society, and Technology. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.8-12-2018.2284044

Monks, F. ., Knoers, A., & Haditono, S. (1999). Psikologi perkembangan, pengantar dalam berbagai bagiannya (12th ed.). Gadjah Mada University Press.

Mulyadi, S., Rahardjo, W., & Basuki, A. M. H. (2016). The role of parent-child relationship, selfesteem, academic self-efficacy to academic stress. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 217, 603–608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.02.063

Pajarianto, H., Kadir, A., Galugu, N., Sari, P., & Februanti, S. (2020). Study from home in the middle of the covid-19 pandemic : Analysis of religiosity, teacher, and parents support against academic stress. Talent Development & Excellence, 12(2), 1791–1807. retrieved from: https://iratde.com/index.php/jtde/article/view/830

Pereira, A. I., Stallard, P., Roberto, M. S., Sousa, M., Barros, L., & Pereira, A. I. (2021). Parenting and child mental health during the covid-19 pandemic : An online study with Portuguese and British families. Revista de Psicología Clínica Con Niños y Adolescentes, 8, 35–42. https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.4

Ribeiro, L. M., Cunha, R. S., Silva, M. C. A. e, Carvalho, M., & Vital, M. L. (2021). Parental involvement during pandemic times: Challenges and opportunities. Education Sciences, 11(6), 302. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11060302

Rubilar, J. V., Richaud, M. C., Lemos, V. N., & Reynolds, K. (2022). Parenting and children’s behavior during the covid 19 pandemic: Mother’s perspective. Original Reseacrh, 13, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.801614

Sciacca, B., Laffan, D. A., Norman, J. O. H., & Milosevic, T. (2020). Parental mediation in pandemic: Predictors and relationship with children’s digital skills and time spent online in Ireland. Computers in Human Behavior, 127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.107081

Seguin, D., Kuenzel, E., Morton, J. B., & Duerden, E. G. (2021). School’s out: Parenting stress and screen time use in school-age children during the covid-19 pandemic. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, 6, 100217.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100217

Subramani, C., & Venkatachalam, J. (2019). Parental expectations and its relation to academic stress among school students. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR), 6(2), 95–99. http://www.ijrar.org/IJRAR19L1016.pdf

Sumbawa, R. O., & Karmila, M. (2021). Pola pengasuhan positif orang tua pada anak usia dini selama belajar dari rumah dimasa pandemi covid-19. Kiddo: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini, 2(2), 1–12.

Tabi’in, A. (2020). Problematika stay at home pada anak usia dini di tengah pandemi covid 19. Jurnal Golden Age, 4(01), 190–200. https://doi.org/10.29408/jga.v4i01.2244

Tuntipuchitanon, S., Kangwanthiti, I. on, Jirakran, K., Trairatvorakul, P., & Chonchaiya, W. (2022). Online positive parenting programme for promoting parenting competencies and skills: Randomised controlled trial. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-10193-0

Uma, K., & Manikandan, K. (2014). Parenting style as a moderator of locus of control, self esteem and academic stress among adolescents. Scholars World - IRMJCR, 2(3), 64–73. retrieved from: www.scholarsworld.net

Warmansyah, J. (2020). Program intervensi kembali bersekolah anak usia dini masa pandemi covid-19. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 743. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i1.573

Wilson, C., Barnes-Holmes, Y., & Barnes-Holmes, D. (2014). The effect of emotion regulation strategies on physiological and self-report measures of anxiety during a stress-inducing academic task. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 14(1), 1–15.

Yanti, A. R. D. P., & Tirtoni, F. (2021). Parenting patterns of working parents at home and working parents outside the home in formation of children’s character during the covid-19 pandemic. Academia Open, 6, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.6.2022.2441

Zhang, L., Cao, H., Lin, C., & Ye, P. (2020). Family socio-economic status and Chinese Preschoolers’ anxious symptoms during the covid-19 pandemic: The roles of parental investment, parenting style, home quarantine length, and regional pandemic risk. Elsevier ScienceDirect Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 60, 137–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2022.01.007

Article Metrics

Abstract view(s): 772 time(s)
PDF: 484 time(s)

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.